[00:00:04]
AND I'LL CALL TO ORDER THIS WORK SESSION OF THE AUSTIN CITY COUNCIL.
WE HAVE A QUORUM OF THE CITY COUNCIL PRESENT.
WE ARE MEETING IN THE CITY COUNCIL CHAMBERS, WHICH ARE LOCATED IN AUSTIN CITY HALL AT 3 0 1 WEST SECOND STREET IN AUSTIN, TEXAS.
UM, MEMBERS, WE HAVE ONE ITEM ON THE AGENDA, AND THAT IS A BRIEFING.
BEFORE I CALL UP THAT BRIEFING, LET ME TURN TO THE CITY CLERK.
UH, IT'S MY UNDERSTANDING WE HAVE SOMEONE SIGNED UP TO SPEAK.
[Additional Item]
THAT'S CORRECT.MAYOR, WE HAVE ONE SPEAKER, UM, ON ITEM B ONE SAVANNAH LEE.
I'M A RESIDENT OF DISTRICT ONE.
I'D LIKE TO SPEAK ON THE CHANGES TO USE OF FORCE REPORTING, SPECIFICALLY OUR CONCERN WITH HOW THE DATA IS BEING DEFINED AND MEASURED ON ITEM FOUR.
PAGE 14, RIGHT NOW, THAT DATA SEPARATES SUBJECTS FROM USES OF FORCE ACTION IN A WAY THAT OBSCURES WHAT'S ACTUALLY HAPPENING ON THE GROUND UNDER THIS FRAMEWORK.
IF ONE PERSON IS SUBJECTED TO FORCE MULTIPLE TIMES BY MULTIPLE OFFICERS OR THROUGH MULTIPLE TACTICS, IT CAN STILL BE RECORDED AS A SINGLE USE OF FORCE.
FOR EXAMPLE, IF THREE OFFICERS EACH USE FORCE ON ONE INDIVIDUAL AND THAT PERSON IS THEN TASED, THAT ENTIRE INCIDENT MAY BE COUNTED AS JUST ONE USE OF FORCE.
IT UNDERCOUNTS THE ACTUAL VOLUME OF FORCE.
USE MASKS HOW MANY OFFICERS ARE INVOLVED, AND MAKES IT HARDER TO IDENTIFY PATTERNS OF ESCALATION.
THIS APPROACH LIMITS TRANSPARENCY AND UNDERMINES ACCOUNTABILITY.
IT MAKES IT DIFFICULT FOR COUNCIL RESEARCHERS AND THE PUBLIC TO ANSWER BASIC QUESTIONS.
HOW OFTEN IS FORCE BEING USED? HOW MANY OFFICERS ARE INVOLVED? IS FORCE ESCALATING WITHIN ENCOUNTERS AND IS IT INCREASING OR DECREASING OVER TIME? GOOD DATA SHOULD HELP US UNDERSTAND TRENDS AND IMPROVE OUTCOMES.
BUT WHEN DEFINITIONS COLLAPSE MULTIPLE ACTIONS INTO A SINGLE COUNT, IT PREVENTS MEANINGFUL ANALYSIS AND WEAKENS OVERSIGHT.
THIS FRAMEWORK SHOULD BE REVISED SO THAT EACH USE OF FORCE IS COUNTED INDIVIDUALLY, AND THAT REPORTING CLEARLY REFLECTS BOTH THE NUMBER OF OFFICERS USING FORCE AND THE NUMBER OF FORCE EVENTS WITHIN AN INCIDENT.
IF WE'RE SERIOUS ABOUT ACCOUNTABILITY, WE NEED DATA THAT TELLS THE TRUTH.
RIGHT NOW, THIS APPROACH FALLS SHORT OF THAT STANDARD.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME'S IN THE BACK.
ALRIGHT, WELL, UM, LET'S TAKE A MINUTE AND LET, UH, OUR FOLKS GATHER AND, UM, AND THEN WE'LL HAVE THE BRIEFING FOR THE RECORD.
UH, I'LL RECOGNIZE THAT, UH, COUNCIL MEMBERS ELLIS AND CADRE ARE JOINING US REMOTELY.
UH, I HAVE A PEACE OFFERING FOR YOU.
I JUST WANTED YOU TO KNOW I DO HAVE MY OWN GEAR.
WELL, YOU, UM, EVEN THOUGH I REPRESENT, UH, THE OHIO STATE YES.
YOU STILL WERE ABLE TO WORK THAT IN, WEREN'T YOU? YEAH.
LISTEN, IT WAS A ROUGH NIGHT FOR OHIO STATE FANS WITH MICHIGAN WINNING THE NATIONAL TITLE.
THANK YOU, CHIEF, YOU WANNA KICK US OFF? YES.
[B1. Austin Police Use of Force Task Force Update. (Robin S. Engel, PhD, John Glenn College of Public Affairs - The Ohio State University) .]
ALL, UH, FOR THIS OPPORTUNITY TO TALK ABOUT OUR USE OF FORCE, OUR TASK FORCE UPDATE, AND I'M REALLY LOOKING FORWARD TO YOU HEARING FROM ROBIN AND HER EXPERTISE HERE AND THE GREAT WORK THAT WE'RE DOING WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT.[00:05:01]
QUESTIONS YOU HAVE, ROBIN.UM, I AM BELIEVE THIS CLICKER IS FOR ME.
SO FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO HAD NOT MET ME BEFORE, I'M ROBIN ENGEL.
UM, I'M A SENIOR RESEARCH SCIENTIST AT OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY.
UM, BUT I ACTUALLY SPENT MOST OF MY CAREER AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI OVER 20 YEARS THERE.
AND BEFORE THAT, UH, FOUR YEARS AS AN ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT PENN STATE.
SO I'VE BEEN BASICALLY AN ACADEMIC MY ENTIRE CAREER, BUT I WORK WITH LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES ACROSS THE COUNTRY AND AROUND THE WORLD.
I'M HELPING THEM TO HAVE EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES, POLICE REFORM, AND USING DATA TO MAKE, UH, A BETTER DECISION MAKING, UM, FOR SAFER COMMUNITIES.
SO I'M SO PLEASED TO BE HERE TODAY.
UH, WHAT I'D LIKE TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT TODAY, UH, MY DISCUSSION TOPICS, AND I BELIEVE THAT YOU'VE ALL RECEIVED A, A PREVIOUS COPY OF THIS, UH, PRESENTATION.
I'LL JUST BRIEFLY MENTION THAT I WAS HERE, UH, LAST YEAR, TWICE IN FRONT OF, UH, PUBLIC SAFETY, THE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE.
UH, AND I'LL JUST BRIEFLY BRING THE REST OF COUNCIL, UM, UP TO SPEED ON THOSE, UH, PARTICULAR BRIEFINGS.
UH, I ALSO WANTED TO MAKE NOTE OF A NUMBER OF USE OF FORCE POLICY CHANGES THAT HAVE BEEN IN EFFECT SINCE JANUARY 1ST OF THIS YEAR.
AND THEN TALK ABOUT AN UPDATE ON OUR DATA COLLECTION AND REPORTING, UH, AND, AND INCLUDING, UM, SOME HIGHLIGHTS FROM, UH, 2025 USE OF FORCE ANNUAL REPORT THAT HAS NOW BEEN MADE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE.
AND, UH, WE'LL CONCLUDE WITH SOME TRAINING UPDATES.
UH, I HAVE A NUMBER OF FOLKS HERE FROM THE AUSTIN POLICE WHO WILL BE HELPING ME ALONG THE WAY, UH, AS WE, UM, MAKE NOTE OF THE CHANGES THAT HAVE BEEN OCCURRING, UH, AND PARTICULARLY WITH TRAINING.
AND THEN LAY OUT FOR YOU SOME NEXT STEPS FOR OUR USE OF FORCE, TASK FORCE AND OTHER WORK THAT WILL BE DOING TO MOVE THIS FORWARD.
SO WITH THAT, I'LL GET RIGHT INTO IT.
UH, THE SUMMARY OF, UH, PREVIOUS TIMES, UH, WHEN AGAIN, I APPEARED BEFORE, UH, SOME MEMBERS OF COUNCIL, UH, FIRST TO, UH, WHEN I FIRST CAME IN, CHIEF DAVIS ASKED ME TO COME IN AND TO TAKE A LOOK AT USE OF FORCE AND DO A HOLISTIC LOOK, UM, TOP TO BOTTOM OF WHAT WAS HAPPENING IN THE AGENCY.
UH, I REPORTED BACK, UH, TO HER AND TO SOME MEMBERS OF COUNCIL, UH, WITH AN INITIAL REVIEW.
AND WHAT I FOUND WERE INCONSISTENCIES ACROSS THE AUSTIN POLICE DEPARTMENT AND ALL ASPECTS OF USE OF FORCE, INCLUDING REPORTING, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND TRAINING.
UH, IN PARTICULAR, WE FOCUSED ON SIGNIFICANT ISSUES WITH DATA REPORTING, THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THAT DATA, THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS THAT HAD BEEN DONE PREVIOUSLY, AND SOME REPORTS THAT HAD BEEN MADE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE.
UH, AND ALSO, UH, LET FOLKS KNOW THAT THERE WAS LIKELY AN OVER-REPORTING OF USE OF FORCE, WHICH IS UNUSUAL.
THIS IS ONE OF THE ONLY AGENCIES THAT I'VE REALLY FOUND THIS TO BE A PARTICULAR CONCERN.
UH, AND SO WE DECIDED WHAT WE WOULD DO.
UH, I HAD A NUMBER, I HAD 11 SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS.
UM, BUT RATHER THAN LIST ALL OF THOSE RECOMMENDATIONS BACK TO YOU JUST FOCUSING ON THE THREE, UH, MAIN RECOMMENDATIONS.
AND THE FIRST WAS TO DEVELOP A USE OF FORCE TASK FORCE, INCLUDING ALL RANKS OF THE POLICE DEPARTMENT AND A REPRESENTATIVE FROM A PO.
WE PUT THAT TASK FORCE TOGETHER LAST SPRING.
THERE WERE 15 MEMBERS OF THAT TASK FORCE.
UM, AND I WAS A CO-CHAIR WITH, UH, I BELIEVE THEY'RE IN THE ROOM HERE.
UM, UH, ASSISTANT CHIEF LEE ROGERS, UM, AND ASSISTANT CHIEF, UH, UM, MIKE CHANCELLOR, UH, SERVED ON THAT COMMITTEE WITH ME AS WELL.
AND SO WE MET MANY TIMES THROUGH THE YEAR LAST YEAR, AND WE LOOKED AT A WHOLE HOST OF ISSUES.
BUT WE STARTED WITH THE USE OF FORCE POLICY, WHICH I'LL TALK TO YOU ABOUT, THOSE CHANGES THAT HAVE BEEN MADE.
AT THE SAME TIME, WE SUSPENDED ALL PUBLIC REPORTING OF USE OF FORCE PATTERNS, TRENDS AND DATA TO MAKE SURE THAT WE WERE GETTING IT CORRECT.
WE ARE CONCERNED ABOUT, AS I MENTIONED, THE QUALITY AND THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THAT DATA THAT HAD BEEN SHARED PUBLICLY.
UM, AND SO WE CORRECTED, UH, SOME OF THOSE PROBLEMS THAT WERE IN THE DATA AND WE REISSUED A NUMBER OF REPORTS.
I ACTUALLY HAVE HERE, UM, WITH ME TODAY, UH, DR.
SINA KANG, WHO IS ONE OF THE LEAD ANALYSTS FROM AUSTIN POLICE, WHO HELPED, UM, WITH THOSE.
AND ALSO, I'M NOT SURE IF HEIDI WITTY IS WITH US AS WELL, BUT SHE ALSO WORKS FOR THE AUSTIN POLICE DEPARTMENT, UM, AND HAVE BEEN WORKING FURIOUSLY TO GET, MAKE SURE THOSE DATA WERE CORRECTED AND THOSE REPORTS REISSUED.
AND THAT'S REPORTS FROM 20 20, 20 21 AND 2022.
WE ALSO REVIEWED AND ADJUSTED THE USE OF FORCE POLICY.
AS I'LL MENTION TO YOU, I'LL EXPLAIN IN DETAIL IN JUST A MOMENT.
LOOKED AT TRAINING AND ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS THROUGHOUT THE AGENCY AND THAT ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS IN THE TRAINING.
THAT'S WHERE WE'LL BE SPENDING A LOT OF OUR WORK THIS YEAR.
UM, NOW THAT WE'VE MOVED FORWARD WITH A NEW POLICY.
SO SPEAKING OF THAT NEW POLICY, I'LL LET YOU KNOW WHAT SOME OF THOSE POLICY CHANGES WERE.
THERE WERE A NUMBER OF POLICY CHANGES THAT WERE MADE HERE, UM, BUT I'M HIGHLIGHTING FOR YOU, UH, THE ONES THAT ARE, I THINK, MOST RELEVANT, UM,
[00:10:01]
FOR YOUR, FOR YOUR, UH, INFORMATION.SO FIRST, UH, WE HAVE, UH, GENERAL ORDER 200 USE OF FORCE IN GENERAL ORDER 2 0 1 USE OF FORCE REPORTING AND REVIEW AND REVIEW.
THESE POLICY CHANGES WERE DEVELOPED, AS I MENTIONED, IN CONSULTATION WITH THE USE OF FORCE TASK FORCE.
WE ALSO WORKED WITH MEMBERS OF A PO AND CITY LEGAL.
UH, BUT REALLY THE USE OF FORCE CHANGES IN THE POLICY.
WE REVIEWED OVER 50 INDIVIDUAL AGENCY POLICIES.
WE ALSO LOOKED AT A REVIEW OF MODEL POLICIES FROM LEADING NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATIONS FROM ACROSS THE COUNTRY, UM, AND OF COURSE, ACADEMIC RESEARCH.
AS AN, AS A RESEARCHER, I COULDN'T RESIST THE OPPORTUNITY TO SEE WHAT ACTUALLY WORKS IN TERMS OF POLICIES AND POLICY CHANGES FOR USE OF FORCE.
AND SO WE INCLUDED ALL OF THAT REVIEW AS WELL, IMPLEMENTED IN JANUARY 1ST OF THIS YEAR.
UH, ALL SWORN PERSONNEL WERE TRAINED ON THE NEW POLICY BY JANUARY 31ST.
ACTUALLY, I THINK THAT 96% WERE TRAINED AT THAT POINT.
UM, AND NOW ALL SWORN PERSONNEL HAVE BEEN TRAINED.
UH, WE ALSO HAVE PERIODIC CHECKS ON USE OF FORCE TRENDS AND REPORTING.
AND SOMETHING I'D LOVE TO COME BACK AND SHARE WITH YOU AS WELL.
QUARTERLY, UH, WE'LL BE TAKING A LOOK TO MAKE SURE, BECAUSE WE HAVE MADE SOME CHANGES IN THE WAY THAT USE OF FORCE IS REPORTED.
AND WE'RE GONNA WANNA MAKE SURE, UM, THAT THERE'S TRANSPARENCY AROUND THAT, AND THAT WE CAN COME BACK AND SHARE WITH YOU WHAT WE'RE FINDING THROUGHOUT THE YEAR AND NOT JUST WAIT FOR AN ANNUAL UPDATE.
UM, THIS NEW USE OF FORCE POLICY IS PUBLICLY AVAILABLE ON, UH, AD'S WEBSITE.
THE MAIN CHANGES, UM, TO THIS POLICY.
FIRST, WE CHANGED THE LANGUAGE FROM RESPONSE TO RESISTANCE, WHICH IS WHAT IT WAS TYPICALLY CALLED HERE ON R TWO R RESPONSE TO RESISTANCE.
WE'VE CHANGED THAT TO USE OF FORCE.
WE BELIEVE THAT THE TERM USE OF FORCE IS, IS, UH, MORE DESCRIPTIVE OF WHAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT.
UM, AND SO WE'VE MADE THAT LANGUAGE CHANGE.
WE CONSOLIDATED SEVEN POLICIES INTO TWO GENERAL ORDERS.
AND YOU CAN SEE ON THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THIS SLIDE THE GENERAL ORDERS THAT PREVIOUSLY.
SO YOU CAN TRACK THE CHANGES THAT WE MADE TO THOSE AND THEN CONSOLIDATED THEM INTO TWO USE OF FORCE POLICIES.
WE ALSO UPDATED LANGUAGE THROUGHOUT AND CONTENT, UH, AND WE ADDED OVER 50 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS IN THIS POLICY.
SO THAT WOULD BE BETTER ABLE FOR, FOR, UH, FOLKS IN YOUR COMMUNITY TO UNDERSTAND VERY SPECIFICALLY WHAT WE MEANT BY PARTICULAR TERMS IN THE POLICY, BUT ALSO FOR THE A PD OFFICERS THEMSELVES.
UH, ADDITIONAL CHANGES INCLUDED A RENEWED FOCUS AND EXPECTATION FOR DEESCALATION AND THE USE OF THE CRITICAL DECISION MAKING MODEL.
FOR THOSE THAT WERE HERE FOR PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE MEETING YESTERDAY, YOU HEARD, UH, FROM THE TRAINING COM, UH, THE TRAINING ACADEMY FOLKS ALL ABOUT CRITICAL DECISION MAKING MODEL.
UH, AND HERE, UH, I'LL TALK ABOUT IT JUST BRIEFLY.
UM, BUT REALLY THE IDEA HERE IS TO THE EXPECTATION TO SET IN POLICY, THE EXPECTATION THAT DEESCALATION WILL BE USED, UH, WHEN IT'S SAFE AND REASONABLE UNDER THE TOTALITY OF CIRCUMSTANCES.
SO WE ARE DOUBLING DOWN ON DEESCALATION, UH, SPECIFICALLY IN TERMS OF TRAINING, BUT ALSO IN PRACTICE.
UH, AND THAT'S INCLUDED NOW FORMALLY IN POLICY.
WE'VE ALSO INCLUDED IN POLICY REQUIRED TRAININGS RELATED TO DEESCALATION, INCLUDING, UH, ABLE ACTIVE BYSTANDER SHIP FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT ABLE TRAINING THAT WAS CREATED, UM, BY A GROUP FROM GEORGETOWN LAW SCHOOL THAT'S NOW BEEN INCLUDED.
AND, UH, IT'S REQUIRED AS A MATTER OF POLICY.
UH, AND IN ADDITION, UH, INTEGRATING COMMUNICATIONS ASSESSMENTS AND TACTICS.
THIS HAS BEEN PRODUCED BY THE POLICE EXECUTIVE RESEARCH FORUM.
AND WHAT YOU SEE ON THE RIGHT HAND SIDE IS THAT CRITICAL DECISION MAKING MODEL.
THIS MODEL IS A WAY TO TRAIN OFFICERS HOW, LITERALLY HOW TO MAKE DECISIONS, UM, IN CRITICAL MOMENTS.
AND YOU CAN SEE, UM, ALL THE WAY THROUGH HERE HOW YOU, WE TALK ABOUT SPINNING THE WHEEL, RIGHT? SO YOU START BY COLLECTING INFORMATION.
FROM THERE, YOU ASSESS, UH, THAT SITUATION, THREATS, RISKS, ET CETERA.
UM, YOU HAVE TO CONSIDER YOUR PRIORITIES, YOUR AGENCY POWERS, UH, ALL THE TIME THAT YOU ARE SPINNING THIS MODEL AROUND.
AND YOU CAN SEE EACH OF THE ADDITIONAL STEPS YOU ARE KEEPING AT THE CORE, AT THE CENTER.
OUR ETHICS VALUES OF THE POLICE DEPARTMENT, PROPORTIONALITY AND THE SANCTITY OF HUMAN LIFE.
AND SO THAT'S HOW ALL DECISIONS IN THESE CRITICAL MOMENTS ARE TO BE MADE.
AND THIS IS HOW OFFICERS ARE TRAINED.
THIS CRITICAL DECISION MAKING MODEL IS ALSO USED BY THE TRAINING ACADEMY AND A NUMBER OF OTHER WAYS.
AND WHEN WE GET TO THAT SECTION, RIGHT AT THE END END, I'LL ACTUALLY HAVE COMMANDER EAGLE COME UP AND DESCRIBE THAT TO THE FULL COUNCIL OF HOW THAT'S MOVING FORWARD.
YOU MIGHT WONDER, YOU KNOW, WHY,
[00:15:01]
WHY ICAT TRAINING SPECIFICALLY, UH, THE EVIDENCE ON ICAT TRAINING IS, UH, IT'S THE STRONGEST THAT'S, THAT'S AVAILABLE NOW.WHEN I FIRST, UM, STARTED LOOKING AT DEESCALATION TRAINING IN 2016 AND 2017, THERE WAS NO RESEARCH, NONE THAT SHOWED WHETHER OR NOT DEESCALATION TRAINING WAS EFFECTIVE.
AND SO WE WORKED TO CHANGE THAT.
WE'VE DO NOW DONE A NUMBER OF STUDIES.
UM, IN THIS CASE, ICAT SPECIFICALLY HAS BEEN ONE OF ONLY TWO TRAININGS THAT ARE OFFERED, UH, ACROSS THE COUNTRY THAT ACTUALLY SH SHOW THAT YOU CAN HAVE A SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION ON OFFICER USE OF FORCE.
UH, AND THIS, UH, THESE FINDINGS HERE ARE FROM BOTH LOUISVILLE METRO, UH, STUDY, UH, DONE BY MY RESEARCH TEAM THERE.
AND THEN A FOLLOW-UP STUDY DONE WITH THE INDIANAPOLIS, UH, METROPOLITAN POLICE DEPARTMENT AS WELL, BOTH SHOWING SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN OFFICER INJURIES AS WELL IN KENTUCKY.
UM, BUT OF COURSE, SUBJECT INJURIES AND USES OF FORCE.
I DID SPEAK TO MEMBERS OF COUNCIL ABOUT THE ICAT TRAINING SPECIFICALLY BEFORE THESE, UH, THE INFORMATION ON THIS IS PUBLICLY AVAILABLE AND HAS BEEN SORT OF WIDELY DISSEMINATED AROUND THE WORLD.
UH, CAMDEN COUNTY, UH, ALSO HAS A STUDY THAT WAS DONE RETROSPECTIVELY FOR THEM, USING QUASI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, SHOWING ALSO THAT THE ICAT DEESCALATION TRAINING WAS THE MOST EFFECTIVE.
IT JUST SO HAPPENS THAT I RECENTLY, UH, RELEASED THIS FOR THE NE CANON CENTER.
IT'S A REASSESSMENT OF POLICE DEESCALATION TRAINING, A POLICY BRIEF, UH, THAT HAS BEEN PUBLISHED AND PUT FORWARD.
UH, AND THIS WAS WITH MY COLLEAGUE JENNIFER KOWSKI, ALSO FROM THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, SORRY, MAYOR, UH,
AND, UH, IT LAYS OUT ALL OF THE EVIDENCE, EVERYTHING WE KNOW ABOUT THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRAINING.
AND I THINK THAT IF YOU TAKE A LOOK AT THAT BRIEF, WHICH IS PUBLICLY AVAILABLE, YOU'LL SEE THAT DOUBLING DOWN ON ICAT SEEMS LIKE THE BEST BET, UH, FOR US MOVING FORWARD.
ADDITIONAL POLICY CHANGES THAT HAVE BEEN MADE, WE ADDED THE TERMS NECESSARY AND PROPORTIONAL TO ACCOMPANY OBJECTIVELY REASONABLE, UH, THROUGHOUT THE POLICY.
SO, UH, FOR EXAMPLE, OFFICERS SHALL USE ONLY THE FORCE THAT IS OBJECTIVELY REASONABLE, NECESSARY, AND PROPORTIONAL TO THE THREAT OR RESISTANCE OF A SUBJECT.
GIVEN THE TOTALITY OF CIRCUMSTANCES.
THIS LANGUAGE IS CRITICALLY IMPORTANT.
IT CONTINUES TO GIVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO REASSESS AND TO MAKE SURE THAT DEESCALATION TRAINING, UH, SKILLS AND TACTICS ARE BEING USED THROUGHOUT.
WE ALSO ELIMINATED, UH, A RESISTANCE CATEGORY, TYPES OF SUBJECT RESISTANCE.
UH, PREVIOUSLY HAD INCLUDED A CATEGORY OF PREPARATORY RESISTANCE.
UH, I LOOKED VERY HARD ACROSS THE COUNTRY TO SEE ANY OTHER AGENCY THAT USED THAT RESISTANCE CATEGORY, MEANING PREPARING TO RESIST, GETTING READY TO RESIST.
AND WE ELIMINATED THAT CATEGORY, LORI.
FINALLY, WE ADDED, UM, PROHIBITING STRIKES TO THE FACE OR THE HEAD UNLESS THERE IS AGGRESSIVE RESISTANCE.
THAT'S SHOWN THAT FOURTH LEVEL, THE ONE OF THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF SUBJECT RESISTANCE AND ALSO REQUIRING SUPERVISOR APPROVAL FOR THE USE OF OC FOR CROWDS DURING LARGE SCALE EVENTS.
AND TWO OTHER CHANGES THAT I WANTED TO LET YOU KNOW ABOUT.
AND THESE CHANGES ACTUALLY IMPACT THE WAY THAT WE REPORT USE OF FORCE, UM, AND THE ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH IT.
SO THE FIRST THING IS, IS THAT WE ELIMINATED LEVEL FOUR RESPONSE TO RESISTANCE CATEGORY, THE R TWO, THE PREVIOUS R TWO R CATEGORY NOW CALLED USE OF FORCE.
THIS IS FORCE UTILIZING EMPTY HAND CONTROL TECHNIQUES THAT DOES NOT RESULT IN AN INJURY OR A CONTINUED COMPLAINT OF PAIN.
AND IT DOES NOT RISE TO A LEVEL THREE RESPONSE TO RESISTANCE.
THIS IS PREVIOUSLY, UM, WHAT HAD BEEN DONE.
AND I MENTIONED TO MEMBERS OF COUNCIL BEFORE THAT THIS PARTICULAR CATEGORY WAS VERY PROBLEMATIC, UH, FOR A NUMBER OF REASONS.
DOESN'T MEET BEST PRACTICE ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
IF YOU TAKE A LOOK AT YOUR USE OF FORCE COUNTS, WHEN WE'RE LOOKING AT THE NUMBER OF SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM, YOU CAN SEE THAT LEVEL FOUR IS ALMOST 39% OF THE USE OF FORCE THAT'S BEEN REPORTED, UM, IS THAT LOWEST LEVEL CATEGORY.
AND THE PROBLEM WITH THAT PARTICULAR INCLUDING THAT, WAS THAT THAT WOULD THEN MOVE FORWARD TO THE FORCE REVIEW UNIT, UM, AND WOULD BE PART OF THE OVERALL REVIEW WHEN WE'RE TALKING ABOUT THINGS THAT IN OTHER AGENCIES WOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A USE OF FORCE.
UM, AND IT ALSO TAKES THAT REVIEW OUT OF THE HANDS OF THE IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR, WHICH IS WHERE WE WANT TO CATCH THESE LOW LEVEL EITHER PATTERNS OR TRENDS SO THAT WE CAN USE COACHING AND MENTORING, WAYS THAT WE CAN IMPROVE LAW ENFORCEMENT
[00:20:01]
RESPONSE INITIALLY INSTEAD OF WAITING FOR A CONTINUED ESCALATION OR A PATTERN THAT WE DON'T CATCH INITIALLY.SO THE LEVEL FOURS HAVE BEEN NOW CHANGED.
UM, BUT, UH, REST ASSURED IT'S NOT THAT WE'RE NOT COUNTING OR MEASURING THESE THINGS.
WE ARE, AND IN FACT, WE'VE CREATED A CATEGORY CALLED REPORTABLE INCIDENTS.
IT'S JUST MEASURED DIFFERENTLY.
THIS IS A MANDATORY REPORTING AND IT'S REVIEWED BY THE FIRST LINE SUPERVISOR IMMEDIATELY.
SO REPORTABLE INCIDENTS NOW INCLUDE FOUR DIFFERENT CATEGORIES.
UM, PHYSICAL OFFICER ACTIONS, THIS IS WITHOUT INJURY OR CONTINUED COMPLAINT OF PAIN.
UM, AND YOU CAN SEE HERE THE DIFFERENT CATEGORIES.
AND I BELIEVE I HAVE, UM, IS ASSISTANT CHIEF MIKE CHANCELLOR STILL IN THE ROOM BEHIND ME.
HE'S, UM, CHIEF, IF YOU WOULD, WOULDN'T MIND COMING UP AND EXPLAINING JUST A LITTLE BIT MORE AND MORE AND MORE PRACTICAL DETAILS WHAT THIS LEVEL FOUR CONSISTS OF AND HOW IT'S NOW BEING REPORTED AS A REPORTABLE INCIDENT.
SO FOR THE LEVEL, UH, FOUR, WHICH IS NOW A REPORTABLE INCIDENT, WE HAVE MOVED SOME THINGS THAT WERE IN A LEVEL FOUR, UP TO A LEVEL THREE.
SO IF THERE IS SOMETHING THAT IS LIKELY TO CAUSE INJURY OR PAIN, SOMEONE SAYING, UH, I'M NOT HURT, BUT WE KNOW THAT THIS IS A, UH, STRIKE OR SOMETHING THAT WOULD CAUSE PAIN.
WE ARE REPORTING THAT AS A LEVEL THREE.
EVEN IF THE SUBJECT'S SAYING I'M NOT HURT, UH, THAT WOULD PREVIOUSLY HAVE BEEN CAPTURED IN A LEVEL FOUR.
AND SO WITH THE REPORTABLE INCIDENTS, WHAT WE HAVE HERE IS WE'RE TALKING ABOUT AN OFFICER RUNS UP AND GRABS THE LEGS AND HOLDS THEM DOWN WHILE THE OTHER PERSON IS ALREADY TAKING SOMEONE TO THE GROUND.
SO YOU'RE, YOU'RE USING BODY WEIGHT, YOU'RE NOT DOING THE TAKE DOWN, YOU'RE NOT DOING THOSE THINGS.
THERE ARE, UH, TAKE DOWNS WHERE IT'S A CONTROLLED TAKE DOWN, WHEREAS THE SUBJECT DECIDES I'M GOING TO THE GROUND MYSELF AND WE'RE ASSISTING THEM TO THE GROUND THAT WOULD BE CAPTURED UNDER A REPORTABLE INCIDENT.
AND THE PART THAT WAS VERY SUBJECTIVE FOR SUPERVISORS TO LOOK AT IN THE PAST IS WHEN SOMEONE'S DOING THIS NUMBER AND THEY'RE, THEY'RE KIND OF RESISTING, BUT THEY'RE NOT, AND THEY'RE KIND OF GIVING YOU THE ARM AND SUPERVISORS ARE LOOKING AT IT, OFFICERS ARE LOOKING AT IT AND THEY'RE GOING, IS THIS A USE OF FORCE? IS IT NOT? THEY'RE KIND OF GIVING ME THEIR ARM.
AND SO WE WANTED TO MAKE SURE IT WAS VERY CLEAR FOR OFFICERS AND SUPERVISORS TO UNDERSTAND WHERE THIS WAS BEING REPORTED.
AND SO THAT AS LONG AS THERE'S NO INJURY OR CONTINUED COMPLAINT OF PAIN WOULD BE CAPTURED UNDER A REPORTABLE INCIDENT.
SO THE DIFFERENCE HERE IS THE SUPERVISOR IS GONNA GO OUT THERE LIKE ANY OTHER USE OF FORCE, THEY'RE GONNA TAKE A REVIEW OF THE INCIDENT, THEY'RE GONNA LOOK AT THE FACTS, BUT INSTEAD OF SENDING THIS TO OUR FORCE REVIEW UNIT TO DO A COMPLETE REVIEW OF, THEY'RE GONNA DO THE REVIEW IN-HOUSE, IT'S GONNA GO UP, WE HAVE AN AUDIT PROCESS WITH OUR PATROL LIEUTENANTS AS WELL THAT THE NEXT LEVEL AFTER THE IMMEDIATE FRONTLINE SUPERVISOR, THEY'RE GONNA LOOK AT THE ISSUE AND THEY'RE GONNA SAY, OKAY, THIS IS IN LINE WITH THE POLICY.
AND ANYTIME THERE'S ANY KIND OF QUESTION TO IT, THEN THEY'LL KICK IT UP TO THE FORCE REVIEW UNIT TO SAY, HEY, WE'RE NOT SURE IF THIS IS GONNA FALL IN HERE.
LET'S GET SOME FURTHER REVIEW BY THE FORCE REVIEW UNIT.
OR IF THEY LOOK AT IT AND SAY, WE FEEL LIKE THIS NEEDS TO BE INVESTIGATED BY THE FORCE REVIEW UNIT, THEY'LL SEND IT THERE.
SO THAT'S KIND OF THE DIFFERENCE.
AS WELL AS IN THE PAST, WE HAVEN'T CAPTURED, UM, LEG RESTRAINING DEVICES, TASER ARC OR TARGETING A FIREARM UNDER A REPORTABLE INCIDENT.
WE HAVE PROCESSES FOR THOSE THINGS, BUT WE WEREN'T CHECKING A BOX THAT ALLOWS US TO GO BACK LATER ON AND BE ABLE TO FULLY CAPTURE THAT DATA AND SAY, THIS IS HOW MANY TIMES WE'VE HAD A TASER ARC USED, OR THIS IS HOW MANY TIMES WE'VE USED A LEG RESTRAINT DEVICE.
SO WE'RE MAKING SURE THAT WE HAVE A BETTER DATA CAPTURE OF THAT INFORMATION SO THAT WE CAN TELL YOU AT THE END OF THE YEAR, THIS IS HOW MANY TIMES WE USED THESE TYPES OF, UM, OF TECHNIQUES.
AND I THINK THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO EMPHASIZE HERE, BECAUSE WHAT YOU'RE GOING TO SEE IN THE REPORTING FOR THIS NEXT YEAR IS YOU'LL LIKELY SEE AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF TASER ARCS AND WARNING ALERTS DISPLAYED AND AN INCREASE IN THE POINTING OF A FIREARM THAT MAY NOT NECESSARILY MEAN THAT THERE'S AN ACTUAL CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR BY THESE OFFICERS.
BUT RATHER THE MANDATORY REQUIRED REPORTING OF THIS, UM, AS A REPORTABLE INCIDENT, IS GOING TO THEN INCREASE THOSE NUMBERS.
SO, UM, AND ALL OF THAT INFORMATION WILL BE CAPTURED AND REPORTED AS PART OF THE ANNUAL REVIEW AS WELL.
AND SO, WHILE IT'S NOT CONSIDERED A USE OF FORCE FOR PARTICULAR TYPES OF ANALYSES, IT WILL STILL BE INCLUDED.
SO YOU CAN LOOK AND UNDERSTAND THE PO PATTERNS AND TRENDS VERY SPECIFICALLY OF THESE REPORTABLE INCIDENTS.
CAN WE STOP YOU THERE FOR JUST A SECOND? I JUST WANTED TO DOUBLE CHECK 'CAUSE I KNOW THAT WAS A LOT OF INFORMATION.
UH, AND SEE IF ANYBODY HAS ANY QUESTIONS RIGHT QUICK MA'AM.
UH, COUNCIL MEMBER HARPER MEDICINE.
[00:25:01]
YOU STEPPED IN THERE.'CAUSE THAT'S EXACTLY WHERE MY QUESTION LIES.
I APPRECIATE THAT YOU SAID THAT DISTINCTION IS IMPORTANT.
UM, SO I JUST HAD, ONE OF THE QUESTIONS I HAVE IS, I, I CAN SEE HOW, YOU KNOW, THE INCREASE IN NUMBERS WILL CAUSE INSTANT ALARM FOR OUR CONSTITUENTS MM-HMM
AND I'M JUST CURIOUS, HOW DO WE COMMUNICATE THAT WITH THEM? WHAT DOES THIS COMMUNICATION OUTREACH STRATEGY LOOK LIKE? SO OUR COMMUNITY KNOWS THERE HADN'T BEEN A, NECESSARILY A CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR, BUT A CHANGE IN REPORTING.
I THINK THAT'S CRITICALLY IMPORTANT.
AND I'M NOT SURE THAT, UM, I'M GONNA MOVE BACK HERE FOR A MOMENT.
I'M NOT SURE THAT, UH, POINTING OF A FIREARM HAD BEEN PUBLICLY REPORTED PREVIOUSLY IN TERMS OF ANNUAL REPORTS OR THINGS LIKE THAT.
SO IT MIGHT NOT BE NECESSARILY THAT THEY RECOGNIZE, UM, THAT THERE'S THIS INCREASE.
WE DO HAVE INFORMATION FROM PREVIOUS YEARS MM-HMM
WE JUST KNOW THAT IT WASN'T CONSISTENT REPORTING.
SO HOW DO WE MESSAGE THAT? WHAT DOES THAT LOOK LIKE, UM, TO OUR COMMUNITY? WELL, THE FIRST THING OF COURSE, IS MAKING SURE THAT THAT OPEN DATA PORTAL, UM, IS AVAILABLE.
AND WE HAVE NOW PUT THAT DATA BACK.
THE, THE USE OF FORCE DATA IS NOW BACK AND AVAILABLE ON THE OPEN DATA PORTAL.
UH, BUT I KNOW THAT OUR FOLKS ARE WORKING RIGHT NOW TO CREATE, UM, DASHBOARDS, UM, AND TO MAKE IT EASIER FOR PEOPLE TO USE AND CONSUME DATA.
I'M GONNA BE TALKING A LOT ABOUT DATA CHANGES AND DIFFERENCES HERE IN THIS NEXT SECTION.
AND UNLESS YOU'RE TRAINED IN STATISTICS, IT'S, YOU KNOW, KIND OF JUST GLOSS OVER WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR ME.
UM, AND SO GIVING TOOLS AND RESOURCES TO YOUR COMMUNITY MEMBERS SPECIFICALLY SO THAT THEY CAN USE AND INTERACT WITH THAT DATA IN A MEANINGFUL WAY.
IT'S BEEN VERY EFFECTIVE IN AGENCIES, LARGER AGENCIES THAT HAVE BEEN ABLE TO DO THIS ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
I KNOW WE HAVE, UM, UH, IS ANA IN HERE? UM, OH, SHE'S HERE AS WELL.
UM, I KNOW THAT THEY HAVE DONE THIS IN CHICAGO AND OTHER PLACES AS WELL.
ANA, UM, HAS WORKED ON THAT, UM, ACTUALLY IN CHICAGO AND HELPED BUILD THEIR SYSTEM.
SHE NOW, UH, WORKS FOR, FOR A, FOR A PD.
UM, AND WE'LL BE HELPING TO BUILD THOSE SYSTEMS. THANK YOU.
I APPRECIATE THAT AND I APPRECIATE THE ATTENTION TO DETAIL THERE.
I WONDER IF THOUGH, SO GENERALLY OUR CONSTITUENTS AREN'T ACCESSING DATA PORTALS MM-HMM
AND YOU KNOW, FAIR ENOUGH THAT WILL BE ON US AND OUR CPIO TO MAKE CERTAIN US A PD TO MAKE CERTAIN THAT WE'RE COMMUNICATING EFFECTIVELY.
'CAUSE YOU KNOW, I APPRECIATE THAT THAT DATA IS CRITICAL, BUT I THINK SOMETIMES THE CONSUMPTION OF DATA BY LAY PEOPLE SAYS SOMETHING THAT IT DIDN'T SAY.
AND SO I JUST WANNA MAKE CERTAIN WE'RE INTENTIONAL THERE.
AND THEN THE OTHER QUESTION I HAD, UM, YOU SAID SOMETHING EARLIER, UM, WELL, I APPRECIATE THAT YOU GAVE THE DESCRIPTION FOR WHY YOU SAID PROPORTIONALITY.
UH, THAT WAS CURIOUS TO ME, BUT I NOW UNDERSTAND AND APPRECIATE THAT.
UM, WHAT WAS THE OTHER QUESTION I HAD? OH, OH, IT WAS THE THING ABOUT LEG RESTRAINTS, TASERS, ET CETERA.
AND, AND THAT'S THE THING WITH THE DATA CHANGE MM-HMM
I'M CURIOUS TO KNOW, WHEN YOU SAID THAT WASN'T NATIONAL BEST PRACTICE, WHY WEREN'T WE DOING IT BEFORE? LIKE WHAT WAS, JUST BY WAY OF PROTOCOL? I'M, AND I'M NOT ASKING THIS TO BE INFLAMMATORY.
I'M ASKING THIS TO MAKE CERTAIN THAT I'M ABLE TO ACCURATELY CONVEY, YOU KNOW, THAT WE ARE MAKING IMPROVEMENTS VERY INTENTIONALLY AND YOU KNOW SURE.
SO WHEN I SAID NOT NATIONAL BEST PRACTICE, RIGHT? UM, I WAS TALKING ABOUT THE COLLECTION OF THE ADDITIONAL LEVEL FOURS.
THAT'S NOT CONSISTENTLY DONE ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
AND SO WHEN YOU COMPARE YOUR, YOUR NUMBERS MM-HMM
TO OTHER CITIES YOUR SIZE, IT LOOKS LIKE YOU HAVE DOUBLE THE AMOUNT OF FORCE, UM, COMPARED TO OTHER CITIES.
NOW, OF COURSE, WHAT YOU DO IN YOUR CITY IS IMPORTANT HERE, RIGHT? SO IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT, WELL, WE WANNA FIX THE NUMBERS OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT.
IT'S REALLY ABOUT THE WHOLE IDEA ABOUT COLLECTING DATA TO BEGIN WITH IS TO MAKE SURE THAT YOUR OFFICERS ARE USING BEST PRACTICES AND THAT YOUR CITIZENS ARE SAFE, RIGHT? AND THAT YOUR OFFICERS ARE SAFE.
AND SO WE NEED TO USE THE DATA IN WAYS THAT ARE MEANINGFUL TO BE ABLE TO COME OUT WITH THAT OUTCOME TO MAKE POLICE CITIZEN ENCOUNTERS SAFER FOR EVERYONE.
AND WHEN WE'RE OVER COLLECTING, JUST AS, JUST LIKE IF YOU'RE UNDER COLLECTING, IF YOU'RE OVER COLLECTING, THEN WE ALSO HAVE TROUBLE MAKING SURE THAT OUR TRAINING IS ACCURATE, THAT OUR POLICIES ARE CRISP AND THAT SUPERVISION IS OVERLOOKING THESE THINGS.
UM, BUT I WANTED TO CIRCLE BACK 'CAUSE I THINK THE CHIEF HAD SOME IDEAS ABOUT HOW WE CAN COMMUNICATE OUT, UM, THE THE MESSAGING AROUND THESE CHANGES.
YEAH, I THINK JUST A COUPLE THINGS.
SO ONE, IF YOU CAN LOOK AT THE, THE LEVEL FOURS, AND SO YOU'RE, YOU'RE TALKING THE LESS THE LEAST AMOUNT OF FORCE USED, IF I WERE JUST TO TENSE MY HAND AS AN OFFICER'S PUTTING IT BEHIND MY BACK, THEY WERE COUNTING THAT AS A LEVEL FOUR USE OF FORCE.
THAT IS NOT BEST PRACTICE, THAT IS NOT A USE OF FORCE.
AND SO THAT IS ABSOLUTELY IMPORTANT THAT WE CAPTURE THAT INFORMATION, BUT THAT IS NOT A USE OF FORCE TO BE COUNTED AGAINST THE DEPARTMENT OR WHEN WE'RE GOING INTO CONVERSATIONS ABOUT
[00:30:01]
WHAT OUR TRAINING LOOKS LIKE, BEST PRACTICES, HOW WE CAN GET BETTER.UM, AND SO CERTAINLY TO YOUR POINT, HOW DO WE COMMUNICATE THESE CHANGES? IT'S INCUMBENT UP ON ALL OF US TO GET OUT THERE.
IT'S ME GOING TO TOWN HALLS, IT'S ME TALKING AT COMMUNITY EVENTS.
IT'S ALL OF OUR COMMAND STAFF, IT'S THE OFFICERS, UM, THE SERGEANTS TALKING ABOUT THAT BECAUSE THESE, THIS IS IMPORTANT AND TO BE MORE TRANSPARENT WITH, UM, DOCUMENTATION WITH WHAT WE'RE DOING HERE AND WITH THE HELP OF THE, UM, A PO, THEY'VE BEEN, UH, YOU KNOW, GREAT PARTNERS ON THIS AND THEY'VE BEEN PART OF THIS THE ENTIRE WAY.
AND SO USING THEM AND ALL OF THE RESOURCES WE HAVE TO GET THAT INFORMATION OUT IS IMPERATIVE THAT WE DO THAT.
THEN MY FINAL, FINAL QUESTION, I PROMISE.
SO GIVEN HOW EXTENSIVE YOUR, YOU KNOW, DATA COLLECTION, UH, PRACTICES HAVE BEEN, WHO WOULD YOU SAY IS OUR MOST COMPARABLE MAJOR METRO? WELL, UM, INTERESTING.
THEY ACTUALLY, UM, NASHVILLE, UH, JUST PUT OUT, UM, A REVIEW THAT THEY'VE DONE SORT OF HOLISTICALLY OF THEIR ENTIRE AGENCY.
AND THEY COMPARED, THEY IDENTIFIED THEIR PEER AGENCIES, RIGHT? AND THEY IDENTIFIED, UM, UH, I THINK 12, MAYBE DIFFERENT PEER AGENCIES.
I THINK IT WOULD BE IMPERATIVE FOR YOU FOLKS TO IDENTIFY WHAT IS YOUR MATCH, RIGHT? AND THEN WE CAN LOOK AT THOSE STATISTICS, UM, SPECIFICALLY.
SO IT'S NOT JUST A MATTER OF MATCHING BY POPULATION OR BY AGENCY SIZE, RIGHT? THERE ARE DIFFERENT CITIES THAT HAVE A LOOK AND FEEL THAT'S VERY DIFFERENT.
UM, AND SO I'D BE OPEN TO IF, IF YOU FOLKS HAD, UH, PEER CITIES THAT YOU'D LIKE TO COMPARE YOURSELVES TO, I'LL BE HAPPY TO PULL THAT DATA THAT'S PUBLICLY AVAILABLE AND MAKE THOSE COMPARISONS.
UM, JUST A COUPLE OF QUESTIONS.
I APPRECIATE THAT EXAMPLE, UH, CHIEF DAVIS ABOUT, YOU KNOW, THE, THE LEVEL FOUR USE OF FORCE ABOUT THE, THE, UH, RESISTING SLIGHTLY THE OFFICER JUST, YOU KNOW, USING A, SOME FORCE TO, TO GET SOMEBODY INTO A HANDCUFF.
THAT'S A, THAT'S A, AGAIN, A REAL WORLD EXAMPLE THAT I, I THINK IS, IS HELPFUL.
AND JUST GOING THROUGH THE, THE LIST, SOFT, EMPTY HAND CONTROL CONTROL HOLES.
WHAT ARE THOSE? UM, MIKE, YOU WANT TO, YEAH, SO YOU WANNA, I WAS GONNA SAY, YOU COULD USE ME TO, YOU DON'T WANNA, YOU WANNA DEMONSTRATE YOU ONLY GIVEN ME THE OPPORTUNITY TO BEAT UP THE CHIEF HERE.
I, I REALLY APPRECIATE THAT, BUT I, I'LL DO MY BEST TO JUST VERBALLY EXPLAIN IT.
WELL, WE MAY NEED TO, IF I STILL HAVE SOMETHING, WE MAY NEED TO SEE SOMETHING.
UM, SO I THINK WHAT CHIEF IS TALKING ABOUT IS VERY IMPORTANT, WHICH IS WHEN YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT THE ARMS AND COMING BACK, A LOT OF THAT IS SOFT, EMPTY HAND CONTROL.
SO HE'S GONNA GIVE YOU A DEMONSTRATION.
NOW I'M GETTING YOU
SOFT, EMPTY HAND CONTROL IS ANY KIND OF JOINT MANIPULATION WHERE WE'RE CAUSING PAIN.
BUT THEN I CAN STOP THE PAIN AS SOON AS I STOP APPLYING THE TECHNIQUE.
SO THE PAIN GOES AWAY ONCE I GET THE PERSON UNDER CONTROL, OR IF I'M JUST USING PHYSICAL FORCE TO OVERCOME HIS RESISTANCE TO BRING HIS ARMS BACK HERE.
OR IF I'M USING PHYSICAL FORCE TO GET HIM AND BRING HIM TO A DIFFERENT PLACE, BUT I'M NOT RESORTING TO STRIKING HIM OR HITTING HIM.
THAT'S WHAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT.
THAT WAS A, A VERY, UH, HELPFUL AND APPRECIATE THAT.
AND, AND ON THOSE SAME, A TASER ARC AND WARNING ALERT DISPLAYS, W WOULD THAT BE KIND OF THREATENING SOMEBODY WITH THE USE OF A TASER? IS THAT, IS THAT WHAT THAT MEANS? YEAH, SO TASER HAS CREATED A, UH, BUTTON THAT YOU CAN BASICALLY GET THE CLICKING SOUND SO THAT YOU CAN HEAR IT AND PEOPLE UNDERSTAND, OH, THIS IS AN ELECTRIC, UH, DEVICE THAT'S GOING TO SHOCK ME IF I DON'T COMPLY.
AND SO, YEAH, COMMANDER EAGLE WILL SHOW YOU THE, IF YOU DON'T STOP, I'M GONNA TASE YOU, STOP RIGHT NOW.
I'M GONNA TASE YOU, I'M GONNA TASE YOU IF YOU DON'T STOP RIGHT NOW.
A WARNING ORDER THAT, SO THAT WOULD NOW BE REPORT, UH, LISTED AS A REPORTABLE INCIDENT, WHEREAS BEFORE, I GUESS IT WAS A, IT WAS A LEVEL FOUR, NOT, IT WAS REQUIRED.
UM, IT WAS NOT BEING CAPTURED IN A WAY THAT WE COULD ACTUALLY USE THE DATA.
IT WAS REQUIRED TO BE REPORTED WITHIN THE INCIDENT REPORT.
UM, BUT THAT'S JUST DATA THAT YOU'D FIND IN IT IN THE INSIDE, THE OFFICER WRITING IN THEIR REPORT.
AND THEN FINALLY THAT NUMBER FOUR, THAT ACTIVE TARGETING OF A FIREARM, AGAIN, THAT WOULD BE AN OFFICER DISPLAYING THEIR, UH, FIREARM, UH, POINTING IT TOWARD A PERSON, CORRECT? MM-HMM
AND WAS THAT CAPTURED BEFORE OR WAS THAT NOT CAPTURED BEFORE? IT IS CAPTURED? IT WAS CAPTURED UNDER A STUDY NOTE, UM, THAT WE HAVE.
SO THAT WAS SOMETHING THAT WE COULD DO, BUT IT WAS SEPARATE THAN WITHIN THIS GROUP LIST.
SO WE COULD HAVE PULLED THAT DATA, UM, BUT IT WASN'T NECESSARILY A REPORTABLE INCIDENT WHERE IT'S GONNA BE AUDITED BY THE LIEUTENANT AND THINGS LIKE THAT.
IT WASN'T BEING CONSISTENTLY LOOKED AT.
AND I'LL JUST MENTION WITH THE POINTING OF THE FIREARM, WE NOW HAVE MULTIPLE RESEARCH STUDIES THAT HAVE SHOWN THAT AGENCIES THAT CAPTURE THAT INFORMATION IN SOME WAY ACTUALLY HAVE LESS USE OF FIREARMS COMPARED TO AGENCIES THAT DO NOT HAVE THAT IN POLICY.
[00:35:01]
HELPFUL.AND, UH, OH LORD, WHAT WAS THE, THE, THE REPORTS THAT WE HAD THAT THE, THE, THE STUDIES, UH, I, I'M JUST TRYING TO REMEMBER.
WHEN I LOOK THE CROW REPORT, LOOK, I BELIEVE IT WAS, UH, THE, THE, THE, THE CROW REPORT.
BUT ONE OF THEM HAD, 'CAUSE I GUESS BEFORE SOME OF THESE, ESPECIALLY I GUESS THE SOFT EMPTY HAND CONTROL, UH, CONTROL HOLES WERE BEING LISTED AS LEVEL FOURS.
AND THOSE DID HAVE TO BE REVIEWED, UH, BY, UH, I BELIEVE SERGEANTS, UH, I, I CAN'T REMEMBER, BUT THEY, THEY MENTIONED IN ONE OF THE REPORTS THAT THERE WAS A LOT OF, UH, OF A LOT OF STAFF TIME WAS GOING TO REVIEW VERY, VERY LOW LEVEL USE OF FORCE INCIDENTS.
AND THEY HAD MADE ONE OF THOSE RECOMMENDATIONS AS SAYING LIKE, YOUR, YOUR, YOUR, YOU KNOW, YOUR HIGHER UPS ARE SPENDING WAY TOO MUCH TIME, UH, REVIEWING EXTREMELY LOW LEVEL AND THAT THAT'S PROBABLY NOT A GREAT USE OF YOUR SUPERVISOR'S TIME.
UH, SO I GUESS, IS THIS ALSO PARTIALLY A RESPONSE TO THAT? I'M NOT SURE.
WHAT REPORT IS THAT? MIKE, DO YOU KNOW WHAT REPORT?
AND SO, UM, THAT WAS, UH, NOT PART OF THE TRAINING ACADEMY REPORTS, BUT SOME OF THEIR OTHER REPORTS THAT THEY PUT OUT.
AND AGAIN, UM, THIS IS IN LINE WITH SOME OF THAT BY SAYING, WE'RE NOT GONNA SEND IT TO THE FORCE REVIEW UNIT FOR THIS FULL WORKUP OVER HERE, BUT WE STILL WANT A SUPERVISOR TO GET EYES ON IT.
SO SUPERVISORS STILL GOING TO TALK TO THE OFFICER AND LOOK AT THE INCIDENT AND THE BIRTH.
AND THE BEST PERSON AND, AND PLACE TO DO THAT IS THEIR IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR.
SO YOU THINK ABOUT THAT SUPERVISOR WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR 7, 10, 12 OFFICERS, THAT'S THEIR MENTOR.
THAT'S THE PERSON THAT CAN TALK TO THEM ABOUT WHAT'S GOING ON, WHAT THEY'RE SEEING.
AND SO THAT'S WHERE THAT, THAT IS THE PLACE THAT NEEDS TO BE VIEWED.
AND, UH, THANK YOU CHIEF AND PROFESSOR ENGEL FOR THIS PRESENTATION.
UM, YOU REFERENCED AUSTIN POLICE OVERSIGHT.
I WANTED TO SEE IF YOU COULD SHARE KIND OF HOW, UH, THAT OFFICE HAS BEEN, UM, I GUESS PARTICIPATING IN THIS PROCESS OF ANALYSIS.
UM, WELL, I'VE HAD MULTIPLE MEETINGS WITH DIRECTOR MCCANN, UM, OVER THE PAST YEAR AND INTO THIS YEAR AS WELL.
IN FACT, I, I MET WITH HER VIRTUALLY LAST WEEK.
UM, I DO THINK SHE'S BEEN VERY SUPPORTIVE OF THIS EFFORT AS WE'VE, AND, BUT OF COURSE, I DO NOT WANNA PUT WORDS IN HER MOUTH AND I HOPE THAT YOU WILL ASK HER, UM, DIRECTLY.
BUT WE ALSO HAVE KEVIN MASTERS WHO WORKS, UM, FOR A PO AND HE SERVED ON THE USE OF FORCE TASK FORCE AND WAS ACTUALLY VERY INSTRUMENTAL AND REALLY HELPFUL, UM, TO ME DIRECTLY AS WE TRIED TO MOVE SOME, SOME CHANGES, UM, THROUGH, WITH THAT POLICY RECOMMENDATION.
AND SO EVERY STEP OF THE WAY THEY'VE HAD A REPRESENTATIVE, UM, THAT HAS BEEN THERE WORKING DIRECTLY WITH US.
AND THEN, UM, I REALLY APPRECIATE YOU HIGHLIGHTING THE MAJOR CHANGES HERE.
UM, AND I GUESS ASSUMING THESE ARE NOT ALL THE CHANGES, UH, WOULD YOU BE ABLE TO PRODUCE AN ACCOUNT OF ALL THE CHANGES WITH EXPLANATIONS FOR EACH CHANGE? YEAH, ABSOLUTELY.
IN FACT, UM, CHIEF YOU, YOU DID THAT FOR YOUR, FOR YOUR FOLKS AS WELL FOR PATROL, RIGHT? YOU SORT OF DID AN OVERVIEW.
YEAH, WE, WE PUT OUT AN OVERVIEW OF THE CHANGES TO PATROL.
UM, USUALLY ON A POLICY WE LINE IT OUT, BUT BECAUSE WE COMBINED MULTIPLE POLICIES DOWN INTO TWO, WE WEREN'T ABLE TO PRODUCE THE RED LINE VERSION OF THOSE POLICIES BECAUSE WE CONDENSED THEM.
BUT WE CAN CERTAINLY GET A LIST OF ALL THE SPECIFIC CHANGES THAT WOULD BE MUCH APPRECIATED.
AND THEN, UM, I GUESS LAST QUESTION ABOUT, UH, SLIDE 11, UM, BULLET NINE, UH, HOPING, UM, YOU CAN, I GUESS GIVE SOME MORE CONTEXT TO DEFINE WHAT AGGRESSIVE RESISTANCE MEANS.
AND I GUESS WERE, WAS, WERE ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED, FOR EXAMPLE, LIKE, UM, YOU KNOW, UH, UNLESS REASONABLE NECESSARY TO PREVENT INJURY TO AN OFFICER, SOMETHING ALONG THOSE LINES.
IF YOU COULD JUST TALK MORE ABOUT THE TERMINOLOGY, PLEASE.
YEAH, SO I'LL START BY SAYING THAT PREVIOUSLY WE ALLOWED STRIKES TO THE HEAD OR FACE WHEN REASONABLE AGAINST DEFENSIVE RESISTANCE.
SO OFFICERS TRYING, OR SUBJECTS TRYING TO PULL AWAY FROM OFFICERS, THINGS LIKE THAT.
SO AGGRESSIVE RESISTANCE IS ANYTIME THAT THEY'RE ACTIVELY ATTACKING YOU.
SO IF SOMEONE IS, IS STRIKING AN OFFICER, UM, OR TRYING TO ACTUALLY HURT THE OFFICER, UH, PULLING A WEAPON, THINGS LIKE THAT, WHICH WOULD GO UP TO DEADLY RESISTANCE, OBVIOUSLY IF YOU, IF YOU PULLED A FIREARM OR A KNIFE.
UM, BUT, SO THAT'S THE, THE MAJOR CHANGE IN THAT, AS AGGRESSIVE AS THEY ARE ATTACKING YOU.
UM, AND SO, UM, THAT IS A, A MAJOR CHANGE FOR US AS FAR AS, UH, SUBJECTS TUCKING THEIR ARMS UNDER THEM.
UM, AND WE'RE NOT STRIKING THE HEAD TO GET THE ARMS FROM BEING TUCKED UNDER THEM ANYMORE.
WE'RE USING THE, THE TECHNIQUES THAT THE ACADEMY IS TEACHING FOR US.
SO, UM, THAT'S KIND OF THE DIFFERENCE THERE.
I'M SORRY, WAS THERE A SECOND PART OF THE QUESTION THAT YOU HAD? I DIDN'T KNOW IF YOU HAD CONSIDERED OTHER LANGUAGE OR, YOU KNOW, HOW YOU ARRIVED ON THAT TERMINOLOGY? SO, AND AGAIN, I THINK THE OTHER LANGUAGE IS IMPORTANT THAT WE'VE ADDED, NECESSARY AND PROPORTIONAL TO THE OVERARCHING POLICY.
SO WE'RE TALKING ABOUT OBJECTION, REASONABLE, NECESSARY,
[00:40:01]
AND PROPORTIONAL.SO DEPENDING ON WHAT THAT CIRCUMSTANCE IS, OBVIOUSLY IF A 10-YEAR-OLD DECIDES THAT THEY WANT TO ACTIVELY ATTACK ME, I'M PROBABLY NOT GONNA TREAT THAT THE SAME WAY.
I'M GOING TO TREAT A 25-YEAR-OLD TRYING TO ACTIVELY ATTACK ME BECAUSE IT'S NOT NECESSARY TO DEFEND MYSELF THERE.
SO I THINK THAT OTHER LANGUAGE IS CAPTURED IN THE OVERARCHING POLICY FOR ALL USE OF FORCE.
COUNCIL MEMBER, COUNCIL MEMBER LANE.
AND THEN WHAT WE'RE GONNA DO, REMEMBER EVERYBODY, WE HAVE NOT FINISHED THE REPORT YET, SO, UM, WE, I'D LIKE TO LET THEM FINISH THE REPORT AS QUICKLY AS WE CAN AND THEN WE CAN COME BACK TO QUESTIONS AND LET EVERYBODY ASK QUESTIONS.
BUT I'LL, I'LL RECOGNIZE COUNCIL MEMBER LANE.
UM, I ONE VERY MUCH APPRECIATE THIS WORK.
IT'S IMPORTANT, AND I REALLY VALUE THE SYSTEMATIC APPROACH THAT YOU'VE TAKEN BOTH TO THE WAY THAT YOU HAVE APPROACHED DATA AND IN THE WAY THAT YOU'VE BROUGHT THESE PRESENTATIONS THROUGH PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE AND ULTIMATELY TO THIS WORK SESSION.
UM, I WANTED TO SAY THAT OUT LOUD EVEN IF I'M SAYING IT QUICKLY.
AND I, I'D LOVE TO SEE THAT, UH, CONSOLIDATION TO THAT APPROACH.
UM, I DO HAVE A COUPLE QUESTIONS.
UM, ON SLIDE FOUR, HOW DID WE REACH THE CONCLUSION THAT USE OF FORCE WAS BEING OVER REPORTED? CAN YOU WALK ME THROUGH THAT? SO THAT OVER REPORT WAS REALLY RELATED TO THAT LEVEL FOUR.
UM, AND SO THAT WAS THE, THE MAIN, UM, INCONSISTENCY WHEN YOU LOOKED AT YOUR USE OF FORCE NUMBERS COMPARED TO THE VAST MAJORITY ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
THAT JOGS MY MEMORY ON THE DISCUSSIONS.
UM, ON PAGE SIX, YOU KNOW, COLLABORATION AND THE POLICY DEVELOPMENT WITH BOTH CITY LEGAL AND A PO, WHICH IS GREAT.
UM, I ALL REALLY APPRECIATE AND AGREE WITH, UM, THE WORDS THAT YOU'VE SHARED AROUND THE VALUE OF QUARTERLY UPDATES ON DATA, UM, AND THAT YOU'RE PLANNING TO PROVIDE THOSE KINDS OF UPDATES INSTEAD OF WAITING FOR AN ENTIRE YEAR.
UM, I AM, I BELIEVE THAT IT WOULD BE EQUALLY VALUABLE FOR PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE TO RECEIVE QUARTERLY UPDATES WITH THE OPPORTUNITY FOR QUESTIONS FROM A PO ON THEIR DATA.
AND THEY'RE CERTAINLY INTERRELATED AND COUNCIL DID HAVE A LOT OF QUESTIONS, A LOT, WHICH HAS BEEN WHEN THEY WERE LAST WITH COUNCIL, UM, WHICH IS OVER A QUARTER AGO.
UM, AND SINCE YOU'RE IN ACTIVE CONSULTATION WITH THEM, I WANTED TO JUST HIGHLIGHT THAT, UM, AS SOMETHING FOR CONSIDERATION.
UM, AND THEN THE LAST COMMENT, UM, THAT I WOULD LIKE TO MAKE IS RELATED TO, WE HAD A PUBLIC COMMENTER THAT SPOKE ABOUT THE SHIFT, UM, THE NEW CONSIDERATION OF SUBJECTS AS A DATA POINT.
AND I WANTED TO EXPRESS HOW MUCH I REALLY APPRECIATE THAT APPROACH.
I THINK THAT IT WILL, IT WILL YIELD VERY IMPORTANT DATA OVER TIME.
IT'S SOMETHING THAT I'VE SEEN BE MISSING CERTAINLY AS I'VE LOOKED AT DISCIPLINARY DATA.
UM, SO I'M SO PLEASED TO SEE THIS HAND HANDLING OF IT, UM, AS IT RELATES TO POLICE USE OF FORCE.
UM, AT THE SAME TIME I DID DEFINITELY, AND I HOPE THAT YOU DID AS WELL, APPRECIATE THE COMMENTS THAT WERE MADE IN PUBLIC COMMENT AND I LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING HOW THOSE WILL BE ADDRESSED AND HANDLED AS YOU ULTIMATELY ROLL OUT, UH, YOUR IMPROVEMENTS.
AND THAT WILL BE, ACTUALLY, I'M GONNA TOUCH ON THAT EXACTLY IN THE REST OF THE PRESENTATION.
COUNCIL MEMBER, DON'T YOU GO AHEAD FORWARD WITH THE REST OF YOUR REPORT.
UM, I'M GONNA CATCH BACK UP HERE.
UM, APOLOGIES FOR, THERE WE GO.
SO DATA COLLECTION AND REPORTING, UM, TO COUNCIL MEMBER, UH, LANE'S COMMENT, UM, WE HAVE MADE, UM, SUBSTANTIAL CHANGES TO THE A PD ANNUAL USE OF FORCE REPORTS.
AS I MENTIONED, UH, PREVIOUSLY WE DID FIND ERRORS, UH, IN THE 2020 AND THROUGH 2022 REPORTS.
THESE ERRORS WERE ACTUALLY, THEY WEREN'T ERRORS BY OFFICERS OR IN THE REPORTING OF FORCE, BUT RATHER IN THE, UH, THE COLLECTION OF IT AND THEN PUSHING IT FORWARD.
SO THERE WERE MISTAKES IN THE DATA COLLECTION CODE, UM, FOR EXAMPLE, AND THE WAYS THAT IT WAS ANALYZED.
UM, I RECOGNIZED THAT WHEN I TOOK A LOOK AT THE REPORTS MYSELF, I REALIZED THAT THE NUMBERS DON'T ADD UP AND THIS DOESN'T MAKE SENSE.
UM, AND AS I MENTIONED, UH, DR.
SENA KANG, WHO'S ALSO IN HERE, UH, WITH US TODAY, WAS ABLE TO FIND THOSE ERRORS IN THE CODING AND CORRECT, CORRECT THOSE REPORTS AND REISSUE THEM.
UM, WE ALSO NOW HAVE A NEW AUTOMATED REPORT FORMAT.
THIS IS REALLY IMPORTANT BECAUSE YOU CAN HAVE ME COME IN HERE AND DO THESE REPORTS FOR YOU YEAR AFTER YEAR AFTER YEAR, AS I DO FOR MANY AGENCIES ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
OR WE COULD DO A DIFFERENT APPROACH, WHICH IS WHAT WE DID HERE, WHERE I GOT TO WORK DIRECTLY WITH YOUR ANALYSTS WHO ARE VERY TALENTED, UM, AND HELP THEM TO IDENTIFY WHAT THAT TEMPLATE SHOULD LOOK LIKE AND HOW THEY SHOULD BE USING THESE DATA.
AND THEN HAVE THEM DEVELOP IT SO IT'S AUTOMATED, UM, SO THAT YOU DON'T HAVE TO WAIT YEARS, UH, TO BE ABLE TO RECEIVE THIS INFORMATION, BUT YOU CAN GET IT MORE IN REAL TIME.
[00:45:01]
WOULD BE LESS LIKELY TO BE CODING ERRORS OR MISTAKES BY ANALYSTS THAT HAVE, DON'T KNOW HOW TO USE THE DATA, ET CETERA.SO WE HAVE A NEW AUTOMATED REPORTING FORMAT, AND THIS IS MODELED AFTER THE REPORT THAT WAS DONE BY KROLL, UH, FOR THEIR USE OF FORCE FOR THE ANALYSIS THAT THEY DID WITH USE OF FORCE.
UM, SO WE'VE MODELED IT AFTER THEIR, UH, THEIR APPROACH MOVING FORWARD.
20 23, 20 24 AND 2025 ANNUAL REPORTS HAVE NOW BEEN COMPLETED USING THIS NEW MODEL.
UM, AND THEY HAVE JUST RECENTLY BEEN PUBLICLY RELEASED.
THEY'RE AVAILABLE, UM, ON THE A PD WEBSITE.
UM, THESE REPORTS ARE BASED ON A NEW UNIT OF ANALYSIS THAT I'LL TALK ABOUT IN MORE DETAIL HERE IN JUST A MOMENT.
WE ARE LOOKING AT SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCED USE AGAINST THEM.
UM, THAT'S NOT TO SAY THAT THE OTHER INFORMATION ISN'T COLLECTED OR ISN'T VALUABLE, UH, BUT WHEN WE'RE ANALYZING IT AND TALKING ABOUT IT AND LOOKING AT IT FOR TRAINING AND POLICY REASONS, IT'S UM, IT'S BEST PRACTICE TO LOOK AT IT BY SUBJECTS.
WE ALSO HAVE REPORTS THAT NOW INCLUDE MULTIPLE MEASURES OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITY BEFORE YOUR ANNUAL USE OF FORCE DID NOT LOOK SPECIFICALLY, UH, AT RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES OR ATTEMPT TO MEASURE THEM IN SY IN SYSTEMATIC WAYS.
AND SO WE'VE INCLUDED THAT AS PART OF THIS.
AND THEN AS I MENTIONED PREVIOUSLY, THE OPEN DATA PORTAL UPDATE.
UM, THE DATA WAS REMOVED FROM THAT OPEN DATA PORTAL, UH, AT LEAST TEMPORARILY UNTIL WE COULD WRAP OUR HANDS AROUND IT AND UNDERSTAND WHAT THAT DATA LOOKED LIKE, MAKE THE CORRECTIONS THAT NEEDED.
UM, AND NOW IT HAS BEEN, UM, I MENTIONED IN HERE READY TO UPLOAD.
IT HAS NOW BEEN UPLOADED TO THE OPEN DATA PORTAL.
THERE ARE MULTIPLE OPTIONS REGARDING A UNIT OF ANALYSIS AND DATA ELEMENTS THAT WE COULD INCLUDE.
UM, WE OPTED TO PROVIDE IT BY THE SUBJECT LEVEL, BUT THAT DOESN'T MEAN YOU LOSE ANY INFORMATION.
YOU CAN STILL LOOK AT AND UNDERSTAND THE TYPES OF ACTIONS, SPECIFIC USE OF FORCE ACTIONS THAT ARE USED, UM, BY LOOKING AT THESE DATA.
AND OF COURSE WE HAVE THAT OPPORTUNITY TO BUILD THE DASHBOARD THAT I MENTIONED TO YOU BEFORE.
SO UNDERSTANDING USE OF FORCE MEASUREMENT, UH, I'VE PRESENTED THIS, UH, TO PREVIOUSLY, UH, TO SOME COUNCIL MEMBERS ABOUT MEASURING USE OF FORCE.
WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT USE OF FORCE, YOU COULD HAVE AN INDIVIDUAL INCIDENT, RIGHT? SO, SO AN OFFICER'S CALL, THERE'S AN INTERACTION, AND THIS CASE, THIS IS ALL HYPOTHETICAL, LET'S SAY THAT THERE ARE TWO SUBJECTS THAT HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST THEM IN THIS SINGLE INCIDENT.
AND OF THOSE TWO SUBJECTS, THERE WERE THREE OFFICERS, UH, IN THIS SCENARIO, THREE OFFICERS.
AND THEY USED DIFFERENT TYPES OF FORCE OPTIONS AGAINST THOSE TWO SUBJECTS.
SO DEPENDING ON HOW YOU COUNT, USE OF FORCE AND PR AND PROVIDE THAT INFORMATION, UH, PUBLICLY, YOU COULD HAVE DIFFERENT MEASURES OR DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF USE OF FORCE.
AND SO PREVIOUSLY, UM, THE WAY THAT YOUR FORCE WAS MEASURED AND PRESENTED WAS LOOKING AT THE FORCE ACTION.
SO FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE DATA INCLINED, YOU CAN THINK ABOUT IT AS A ROW, RIGHT? SO IN A ROW OF DATA, YOU WOULD HAVE THOSE ROWS WOULD BE DONE BY ACTION NUMBERS.
SO YOU'D HAVE FIVE ROWS, UH, OR FIVE, A COUNT OF FIVE COMPARED TO WHAT MOST FOLKS DO ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
UH, AND MANY ACADEMICS USE THIS APPROACH AS WELL AS LOOKING AT IT AS THE SUBJECT.
DID A SUBJECT HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST THEM? AND IN THIS CASE, IN THIS HYPOTHETICAL, THAT WOULD BE AN AN OF TWO OR A NUMBER COUNT OF TWO USES OF, OR TWO SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM.
AND THAT IS THE WAY THAT WE ARE MEASURING MOVING FORWARD.
IT DOES NOT MEAN THAT WE DON'T CAPTURE THE FORCE ACTION OR THE NUMBER OF OFFICERS THAT USE FORCE.
IT ALSO DOES NOT MEAN THAT WE DON'T LOOK AT THAT DATA SPECIFICALLY WE DO, WE USE THAT DATA ANSWER DIFFERENT QUESTIONS.
UM, SO ALL OF THE INFORMATION IS STILL THERE.
IT'S NOT IN ANY WAY THAT WE'RE NOT INCLUDING SOMETHING.
UM, SO WHEN YOU LOOK AT THIS, UM, AND THIS IS AGAIN, UH, UH, AN EXAMPLE THAT I'VE USED, UH, TO EXPLAIN.
WHEN YOU LOOK AT USE OF FORCE BY THE NUMBER OF ACTIONS AS YOU PREVIOUSLY HAD, YOU HAVE THE COUNTS OF USE OF FORCE THAT ARE OVER 6,000 USES OF FORCE PER YEAR, UM, IN 2024 AND 2025.
UH, AND WHEN YOU TAKE A LOOK AND YOU INSTEAD COUNT IT BY THE NUMBER OF SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM IN AN INDIVIDUAL ENCOUNTER, YOU SEE THAT THESE NUMBERS ARE BASICALLY CUT IN HALF.
IT DOES NOT MEAN THAT WE LOSE INFORMATION.
YOU CAN LOOK UP THAT PARTICULAR SUBJECT AND FIND OUT THAT THAT SUBJECT HAD TWO OR THREE DIFFERENT USE OF FORCE ACTIONS USED AGAINST HIM OR HER.
THAT INFORMATION IS STILL THERE, BUT IT'S JUST HOW WE AGGREGATE AND REPORT IT MOVING FORWARD.
SO WITH THAT, I HAVE JUST SOME HIGH LEVEL OVERVIEW OF THE 2025 REPORT.
THE MOST RECENT, UM, THAT'S AVAILABLE, UH, AGAIN, THIS IS FROM JANUARY 1ST THROUGH DECEMBER 31ST OF LAST YEAR.
THIS INVOLVED 2,809 USE OF FORCE
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INCIDENTS, INDIVIDUAL INCIDENTS INVOLVING OVER 3000, 3083 INDIVIDUAL SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM DURING THOSE INCIDENTS.AND IT INVOLVED 908 OFFICERS THAT WERE INVOLVED AND USED SOME TYPE OF FORCE ACTION DURING THE PAST YEAR.
SO THESE ARE ACTUAL SCREENSHOTS FROM THE REPORT ITSELF.
AND AGAIN, THIS IS ALL AUTOMATED NOW.
SO, UM, YOU CAN, UH, HAVE THIS INFORMATION QUARTERLY.
UH, WE CAN PREPARE IT LOTS OF DIFFERENT WAYS AND ALSO USE IT, UH, TO POPULATE DASHBOARDS MOVING FORWARD.
SO THE FIRST THING IS THAT USE OF FORCE SUBJECTS.
JUST TAKING A LOOK AT THE NUMBER OF SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM BY YEAR.
AND YOU SEE THAT IN 2025, UH, COMPARED TO 2024, THERE WAS A SLIGHT, A 1% DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM.
THIS IS NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT, BUT IT IS A SLIGHT DECREASE, BUT OVERALL THERE'S A 9% INCREASE FROM THE THREE YEAR AVERAGE.
NOW, WHY IS THAT HAPPENING? WHAT'S GOING ON THERE? UM, THAT'S A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT WHERE YOU SEE THAT USE OF FORCE IS ACTUALLY INCREASING OVER THE LAST THREE YEARS.
WELL, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE ALWAYS WANNA DO IS TAKE A LOOK AT THE CONTEXT AROUND WHAT ELSE IS HAPPENING.
SO WE LOOK AT THINGS LIKE ARRESTS, UM, AND ALSO CRIME DATA AND OTHER THINGS TO SEE ARE THE CIRCUMSTANCES CHANGING, THE ENVIRONMENT CHANGING IN WHICH OFFICERS ARE OPERATING? AND IN THIS CASE, WE LOOKED AT ARRESTEES.
SO THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE ARRESTED, AND BY THE WAY, THAT UNIT OF ANALYSIS PROBLEM HAS ALSO BEEN A PROBLEM.
SOMETIMES WHEN YOU LOOK AT ARRESTS, BECAUSE ARREST, YOU CAN LOOK AT ONE PERSON WHO'S BEEN ARRESTED AND THEY MIGHT HAVE MULTIPLE CHARGES.
IF YOU COUNT THE CHARGES AS ARRESTS, THEN YOU INFLATE THOSE NUMBERS AS WELL.
IT'S NOT THAT MORE PEOPLE HAVE BEEN ARRESTED, IT'S JUST THAT THEY HAVE MORE CHARGES.
IT'S THE SAME UNIT OF ANALYSIS PROBLEM, EXCUSE ME.
AND SO WHAT WE LOOK AT IS THE NUMBER OF ARRESTEES.
HOW MANY PEOPLE HAVE BEEN ARRESTED IN 2025? SO TAKING A LOOK THERE, YOU SEE A 13% INCREASE FROM 2025 COMPARED TO 2024 IN THE NUMBER OF ARRESTS.
UM, AND THIS ALSO REPRESENTS A 24% INCREASE FROM THE THREE YEAR AVERAGE.
SO STEADILY, WE'RE SEEING MORE ARRESTS, PROACTIVITY, AND OTHER THINGS THAT ARE HAPPENING, UM, IN THE CITY OF AUSTIN.
SO COMPARED TO YOUR USE OF FORCE, THAT IS INCREASING ON YOUR THREE-YEAR AVERAGE, THAT 9% INCREASE.
WHAT YOU SEE IS COMPARED TO THE MORE INTERACTIONS, AND IN THIS CASE ARREST INTERACTIONS THAT ARE MORE LIKELY TO HAVE USE OF FORCE INCIDENTS INVOLVED IN AN ARREST, YOU SEE THAT IT'S MORE THAN DOUBLE THE NUMBER OF ARRESTS.
SO USE OF FORCE PROPORTIONALLY IS NOT INCREASING.
SO WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE PERCENT OF ARRESTS SPECIFICALLY THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST OR USED AGAINST THE SUBJECT DURING THOSE, YOU SEE A 1% DECREASE.
UM, AND WE EXPECT A DECREASE AGAIN IN 2026.
UH, AND THE REASON TO EXPECT THIS DECREASE IS BECAUSE AGAIN, THAT CHANGE IN LEVEL FOUR.
SO LEVEL FOUR, WHEN YOU INCLUDE THAT SLIGHT RESISTANCE TO GET YOUR HAND BACK AS A USE OF FORCE, UH, WHEN YOU LOOK AT THAT, THEN ARRESTEES, WHEN YOU'RE IN AN ARREST SITUATION, A MUCH LARGER PERCENTAGE.
AND IN THIS CASE, 10% OF ARRESTS ARE INVOLVING THE USE OF FORCE.
WHEN I FIRST SAW THAT 10% OR APPROXIMATELY 10% OF ARRESTS WERE EVOLVING USE OF FORCE IN THE CITY OF AUSTIN, THIS IS MORE THAN DOUBLE WHAT YOU WOULD EXPECT TO SEE IN THE CITY YOUR SIZE.
UH, AND THAT WAS REALLY CONCERNING.
AND THAT'S WHEN WE RE THAT'S WHEN WE REALIZED IT REALLY WAS PARTLY A MEASUREMENT ISSUE.
THE MAJORITY OF FOUR SAT 94% IS LOW LEVEL, MEANING LEVEL THREE OR LEVEL FOUR AND LEVEL FOUR ACCOUNTING FOR 39% AS WE MENTIONED PREVIOUS, PREVIOUSLY.
SO AGAIN, FOR NEXT YEAR, SOME OF THOSE LEVEL FOUR ACTIONS ARE GONNA BE CAPTURED AS LEVEL THREE.
MAJORITY OF THEM ARE GONNA BE CAPTURED AS THE REPORTABLE INCIDENTS.
THEY WILL ALL BE REPORTED BACK TO YOU AND PUBLICLY AVAILABLE AND WILL HAVE EXPLANATIONS OF WHAT'S IN WHAT CATEGORY, AND ALSO BE ABLE TO COMPARE TO MAKE SURE THAT YOU'RE LOOKING AT THOSE TRENDS OVER TIME.
AND IT MAKES SENSE IN TERMS OF YOUR SUBJECT CHARACTERISTICS.
THIS IS THE, THE TYPES OF RESISTANCE, UM, THAT WERE SHOWN.
THE MAJORITY OF USE OF FORCE SUBJECTS, UH, SHOWED DEFENSIVE RESISTANCE, 67%, UH, UH, THAT PREPARATORY RESISTANCE THAT IS NO LONGER GONNA BE CONSIDERED A CATEGORY THAT'S 3.5% AND THAT WILL BE ELIMINATED MOVING FORWARD.
UM, IMPAIRMENT SPECIFICALLY, ONE OF THE THINGS WE WANNA TAKE A LOOK AT IS HOW OFTEN OR UM, HOW OFTEN ARE THE SUBJECTS THAT ARE HAVING FORCE USED AGAINST THEM? HOW OFTEN IS IT SOMEONE WHO'S MAYBE IN MENTAL HEALTH CRISIS OR IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL OR DRUG USE? UM, I WAS, UH, UNHAPPY
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WITH THE WAY THAT THIS HAD BEEN MEASURED, UM, QUITE HONESTLY, UM, BY A PD BECAUSE IT WASN'T A MANDATORY CATEGORY, MEANING THE OFFICERS COULD KIND OF GO THROUGH THE REPORT AND MOVE ON TO THE NEXT STAGE WITHOUT CLICKING SOMETHING HERE.AND SO IF THERE IS NO IMPAIRMENT, THAT'S IMPORTANT TO KNOW WHAT WE HAVE IS THAT NO IMPAIRMENT WAS REPORTED AND 66%, AND THAT'S DIFFERENT, RIGHT? IT COULD BE THAT THE OFFICER JUST SKIPPED THAT CATEGORY.
UM, BECAUSE WHAT WE FIND HERE IS THAT YOUR PERCENT OF, UH, FOLKS THAT HAVE FOUR ISSUES AGAINST THEM, 15% WERE ALCOHOL OR DRUG IMPAIRED.
UH, SEVEN, ALMOST 7% HAD, UM, SOME TYPE OF MENTAL INSTABILITY.
THAT IS, UH, THAT'S THE LABEL, UM, THAT'S USED EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED PERSON AND 12% AT BOTH.
THIS IS ACTUALLY, UH, SMALLER, LESS THAN WHAT WE SEE IN OTHER AGENCIES.
UH, OF YOUR SIZE, AND WE THINK IT'S A REPORTING ISSUE.
SO, MOVING FORWARD THAT, UH, FROM JANUARY 1ST OF THIS YEAR, THIS IS NOW A MANDATORY DATA REPORTING FIELD.
HOW MANY SUBJECTS, WHAT PERCENT WERE INJURED? 26% OF THE SUBJECTS THAT WERE INVOLVED IN THE USE OF FORCE REPORTED MINOR INJURIES.
THE MAJORITY OF SUBJECTS, 62% HAD NO COMPLAINT OF PAIN OR INJURY OR, UH, NO INJURY WAS OBSERVED.
SO, UH, WE, THE, WHEN THERE'S INJURY, IT'S TYPICALLY MINOR IN NATURE, WHAT PERCENT OF OFFICERS WERE INJURED.
THIS FIELD ALSO IS NOT MANDATORY.
IT IS MANDATORY FOR SUBJECTS INJURED.
IT IS NOT MANDATORY FOR OFFICERS.
UM, SO WE HAVE TO ASSUME THAT IF NONE IS REPORTED, IF THERE'S JUST MISSING INFORMATION, THERE'S NO DATA AVAILABLE THAT THERE WAS NO INJURY.
BUT THAT IS AN ASSUMPTION, UM, THAT'S MADE 7% OF THE OFFICERS, UH, REPORTED SOME TYPE OF INJURY.
THE OTHER THING TO NOTE HERE WITH THE UNIT OF ANALYSIS IS WE ARE LOOKING AT OFFICERS SPECIFICALLY.
SO WE'RE LOOKING AT THAT 908 OFFICERS, UH, AND EIGHT, OR EXCUSE ME, 7% OF THEM HAD SOME TYPE OF INJURY THAT WAS REPORTED AS A USE OF, AS INVOLVED IN A USE OF FORCE.
WE ALSO LOOKED AT USE OF FORCE GEOGRAPHICALLY, AND WHAT WE FOUND WAS THAT GEORGE SECTOR, WHICH INCORPORATES YOUR DOWNTOWN, WAS AN OUTLIER COMPARED TO THE OTHER SECTORS.
THAT'S A CATEGORIZATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL, UM, USE OF GEOGRAPHY BOUNDARIES.
AND I'M GONNA FLIP HERE, I'LL COME BACK TO THE SLIDE IN JUST A MOMENT, BUT I'M GONNA FLIP HERE TO THE MAP, WHICH LAYS OUT THE DIFFERENT A PD SECTORS.
AND I'M GONNA ZOOM IN HERE SO THAT FOLKS UNDERSTAND WHAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT WITH THE GEORGE AREA, WHICH INCLUDES YOUR DOWNTOWN.
THIS IS AND HAS SHOWN TO BE DIFFERENT IN TERMS OF THE DATA AND ALSO THE PRACTICES, UM, THAT ARE HAPPENING SPECIFICALLY IN GEORGE SECTOR RELATED TO ARREST USE OF FORCE.
ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE KNOW THAT IN THIS SECTOR, DESPITE ITS VERY SMALL GEOGRAPHIC SIZE AND ITS SMALL RESIDENTIAL POPULATION, WE DO KNOW THAT IT IS AN OUTLIER IN TERMS OF USE OF FORCE AND THE NUMBER OF ARRESTS.
SO GOING BACKWARDS HERE FOR A MOMENT, YOU CAN SEE AGAIN, THIS IS THE NUMBER OF USE OF FORCE SUBJECTS.
AND YOU SEE ON THE LEFT HAND SIDE THAT GEORGE, UM, IS HIGHER THAN THE OTHERS.
AND WHEN YOU STANDARDIZE IT BY, UH, A RATE PER 10,000 RESIDENTS, YOU SEE THAT IT STANDS OUT EVEN MORE.
THERE ARE A WHOLE HOST OF REASONS TO EXPECT THAT THIS, THIS IS JUST REFLECTIVE OF THE DIFFERENCES THAT YOU EXPERIENCE IN DOWNTOWN.
EVEN SO, EVEN GIVEN THAT RIGHT, THAT THE DOWNTOWN SECTOR IS DIFFERENT, AND I'LL HAVE, UM, THE CHIEFS EXPLAIN WHAT THAT LOOKS LIKE THERE.
BUT EVEN, EVEN WITH THOSE EXPLAINABLE DIFFERENCES, IF YOU WANNA REDUCE THE OVERALL LEVELS OF USE OF FORCE, THAT'S WHERE YOU NEED TO FOCUS BECAUSE THAT'S WHERE THE MAJORITY OF FORCES HAPPENING.
UM, CHIEF, YEAH, I DON'T THINK THAT'S A SECRET TO ANYBODY IN THIS, UH, ROOM WHO CAN UNDERSTAND WHY, UM, THAT SECTOR IS, IS THE HIGHEST GIVEN THE SIXTH STREET AND THE AMOUNT OF PEOPLE WE HAVE THERE ON THE WEEKENDS.
AND WE KNOW THE, THE USE OF FORCE THERE, BUT HOW DO WE DEAL WITH THIS? AND I THINK, UM, OPENING SIXTH STREET ON THE WEEKEND, WE SAW, YOU KNOW, UH, THAT WAS ABSOLUTELY A WAY THAT WE'VE REDUCED THOSE USES OF FORCE AND INJURIES TO OFFICERS DOWNTOWN.
THAT WAS A WAY, UM, THAT WE ARE, UH, MITIGATING THIS.
AND AS WE MOVE FORWARD AND, AND THERE'S MORE IDEAS, UM, WE WILL CERTAINLY BE TAKING A LOOK AT, UM, DTAC AND HOW WE, UM, AND AGAIN, THIS IS THE, THE MAJORITY OF THE, UM, LEVEL FOUR WERE, WERE USED BY DT A, YOU IMAGINE THE, THE PERSON THAT'S INTOXICATED, TENSING UP, AND THEN THAT OFFICER'S NOW REPORTING A USE OF FORCE A AS A, A LEVEL FOUR.
SO THE MAJORITY OF THOSE LEVEL FOURS CAME FROM, UM, GEORGE AS WELL.
SO IT, IT, IT'S GONNA BE, UM, INTERESTING WHEN WE TAKE A A, A YEAR
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LOOK BACK.MIKE, DID YOU HAVE ANYTHING TO ADD TO THAT? NO, I THINK CHIEF PRETTY MUCH COVERED IT.
THE OFFICERS ARE ALREADY THERE ON SITE WHEN MOST, MOST OF THE INCIDENTS TAKE PLACE.
SO A FIGHT IN NORTHWEST AUSTIN, OFFICERS GONNA HAVE TO DRIVE THERE AND GET THERE.
A FIGHT DOWN ON SIXTH STREET OFFICER IS GONNA BE HALF A BLOCK AWAY.
AND SO IT'S STILL GONNA BE AGGRAVATED AND ONGOING.
AND SO YOU TEND TO SEE MORE USE OF FORCE WHEN YOU'RE ON SCENE THAT QUICK VERSUS HAVING TO GET TO A CALL AND THINGS HAVE TIME TO CALM DOWN.
AND I DO BELIEVE TOO, WITH THE WE REPORTABLE INCIDENTS RATHER THAN A LEVEL FOUR FORCE, WE'RE GONNA SEE BECAUSE THE, THE NUMBER OF ARRESTS THAT HAPPEN IN GEORGE SECTOR, UM, AND ESPECIALLY WITH INTOXICATED PERSONS, YOU KNOW, JUST GETTING THEM TO PUT THEIR ARM BEHIND THEIR BACK FOR THAT ARREST.
IF WE'RE CONSIDERING THAT A USE OF FORCE, A LOT OF THAT IS GONNA SORT OF FADE OUT, UM, IN TERMS OF, UH, UNDERSTANDING WHAT'S ACTUALLY HAPPENING FOR USE OF FORCE IN THE GEORGE SECTOR.
SO THEN MOVING ON, MEASURING RACIAL AND ETHNIC AND GENDER DISPARITIES, UH, IN USE OF FORCE.
UH, ONE OF THE THINGS WE, I PUT HERE, JUST, THESE ARE JUST THE BASIC, UH, PERCENTAGES HERE.
THE PERCENT OF SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM THAT WERE HISPANIC, BLACK, WHITE, OR OTHER.
THAT OTHER CATEGORY IS ANY RACE OR ETHNICITY THAT DOES NOT FIT INTO WHITE, BLACK OR HISPANIC.
IT'S GROUPED AS OTHER, THIS IS A SMALL NUMBER AS YOU CAN SEE, UH, IN TERMS OF THE OVERALL DATA.
AND THEN WE ALSO LOOK AT IT BY MALE, FEMALE, AND THEN GENDER DIVERSE.
UH, AND AGAIN, THESE ARE JUST THE PERCENTAGES.
UM, AND THESE DISPARITIES, THERE'S CLEARLY DIFFERENCES ACROSS RACIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS HERE, BUT DISPARITIES DO NOT NECESSARILY INDICATE OFFICER BIAS.
IT MAY BE REFLECTIVE OF WHO'S AT GREATEST RISK TO HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST THEM BASED ON A WHOLE HOST OF THINGS.
AND THE WHOLE HOST OF THINGS IS WHAT I'M GONNA BE TALKING ABOUT HERE IN JUST A MOMENT.
WHAT FACTORS INCREASE THE LIKELIHOOD OF USE OF FORCE IS WHAT WE REALLY HAVE TO BETTER UNDERSTAND TO SEE IF THE DIFFERENCES ARE BASED ON RACE OR IF THERE ARE OTHER EXPLANATIONS FOR THE DIFFERENCES THAT WE SEE.
THERE ARE TWO DIFFERENT WAYS, STANDARDLY, THAT HAVE BEEN USED TO MEASURE RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN TERMS OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS.
NEITHER OF THEM ARE REALLY COMPLETELY SATISFACTORY.
UM, SOMETIMES THEY SHOW DIFFERENT RESULTS.
I'M GOING TO PRESENT TO YOU, UM, THESE TWO DIFFERENT MEASURES THAT HAVE BEEN USED.
BENCHMARK ANALYSIS, AND THEN WHAT'S CALLED MULTI-VARIATE STATISTICAL MODELING.
I'LL START WITH BENCHMARK ANALYSIS.
BENCHMARK ANALYSES, TRY TO ANSWER THAT COMPARED TO WHAT.
SO GOING BACK HERE JUST FOR A MOMENT, IF I SAID TO YOU THAT 31% OF THE U OF THE SUBJECTS THAT HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM WERE BLACK, WELL, WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? 31% COMPARED TO WHAT, HOW DO WE KNOW WHETHER OR NOT THERE'S AN ISSUE WITH OFFICER, UH, BIAS OR POTENTIAL DISCRIMINATION? SO BENCHMARKS ARE A PROXY MEASURE.
WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO DO IS LOOK FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE SIMILARLY SITUATED OR AT RISK FOR THAT SAME OUTCOME.
AND YOU DO THIS ASSUMING THAT THERE'S NO OFFICER BIAS.
SO YOU JUST WANT A, A NEUTRAL COMPARISON CATEGORY, A BENCHMARK, UH, TO SEE WHAT PERCENT OF THE POPULATION IS AT RISK OF HAVING FORCE USED AGAINST THEM.
THE EASIEST WAY TO THINK ABOUT THIS IS, UM, WITH TRAFFIC STOPS, WE DO BENCHMARKING FOR TRAFFIC STOPS AS WELL.
SO WHAT PUTS YOU AT GREATER RISK OF BEING STOPPED FOR A TRAFFIC OFFENSE? ANYONE
IT'S THE SAME THING WITH USE OF FORCE.
WHAT PUTS YOU AT GREATER RISK FOR USE OF FORCE.
IT CAN BE ABOUT WHERE YOU ARE WHEN YOU'RE THERE, HOW YOU'RE ACTING, WHO YOU'RE WITH, THE CIRCUMSTANCES AROUND YOU, A WHOLE HOST OF THINGS.
AND IT ALSO COULD BE, WE CANNOT JUST ELIMINATE THE POSSIBILITY THAT IT'S NOT BASED ON WHO YOU ARE.
UM, SIZE, UH, MATTERS POTENTIALLY BASED ON HOW YOU'RE ACTING AGE AS THE CHIEF MENTIONED, YOU KNOW, A 10-YEAR-OLD COMPARED TO A 25-YEAR-OLD.
ALL OF THESE THINGS COULD BE TAKEN TO ACCOUNT.
SO WHEN WE'RE TRYING TO FIND A BENCHMARK OF WHO'S AT RISK OF HAVING FORCE USED AGAINST THEM, THERE'S A WHOLE HOST OF THINGS THAT WE WANNA TAKE INTO ACCOUNT.
THE FREQUENCY AND THE NATURE AND THE LOCATION OF CONTACTS WITH THE POLICE.
I AM AT VERY LOW RISK OF HAVING FORCE USED AGAINST ME, UM, BASED ON MY RESIDENTIAL POPULATION WHERE I LIVE, WHAT I DO, WHERE I GO, UM, MOSTLY BECAUSE I'M IN BED BY 10:00 PM MOST OF THE TIME, AND I'M NOT OUT, UH, UH, YOU KNOW, INTOXICATED AND OR THOSE KINDS OF THINGS, RIGHT? SO THAT DOESN'T, SO I HAVE LESS RISK.
WHEN I WAS 25, I HAD A MUCH GREATER RISK, RIGHT? SO, AND IT HAD REALLY NOTHING TO DO WITH MY
[01:05:01]
RACE OR MY GENDER NECESSARILY.THESE ARE THE TYPES OF THINGS THAT WE'RE TRYING TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT.
ALSO, IF SOMEONE HAS KNOWN OR SUSPECTED INVOLVEMENT IN CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, PUTS THEM AT GREATER RISK OF HAVING FORCE USED AGAINST THEM.
AND THEN OF COURSE, THOSE INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS, HOW THEY'RE BEHAVING DURING THAT COUNTER.
AND PARTICULARLY IF THEY'RE RESISTING DURING AN ARREST SITUATION, FOR EXAMPLE.
THERE'S NO BENCHMARK THAT'S AVAILABLE THAT CAN MEASURE ALL OF THESE RISK, RISK FACTORS.
NONE OF THEM ARE SATISFACTORY.
AND SOME BENCHMARKS, THOUGH WE KNOW ARE MUCH MORE RELIABLE AND VALID THAN OTHERS.
THE ONE BENCHMARK THAT WE KNOW IS NOT RELIABLE AND NOT VALID IS RESIDENTIAL CENSUS POPULATION.
UNFORTUNATELY, THAT IS THE BENCHMARK THAT IS ROUTINELY USED BECAUSE IT'S THE EASIEST TO GATHER.
YOU CAN JUST PULL UP THAT INFORMATION FROM THE CENSUS AND HAVE THE PERCENT AFRICAN AMERICAN, HISPANIC, ET CETERA, AND A PARTICULAR GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION THAT, OR OF OUR RESIDENTS, AND USE THAT AS A BENCHMARK.
IT DOESN'T MEAN THAT IT'S A GOOD OR A VALID BENCHMARK, IT JUST MEANS IT'S READILY AVAILABLE.
SO THE STATISTICAL RESULTS VARY WIDELY ACROSS THESE BENCHMARK, AND THEY CAN LEAD TO VERY DIFFERENT CONCLUSIONS.
WE USE THESE BENCHMARKS, AND WE DID DO THIS COMPARISON.
THESE ARE, UH, DISPARITY RATIOS.
WE LAY OUT VERY SPECIFICALLY IN THE REPORT HOW THESE ARE MEASURED.
AND WE USE THREE DIFFERENT SOURCES, CENSUS, ARREST, AND SUSPECT DATA.
THESE DATA SOURCES, UM, OF ALL OF THEM, THE SUSPECT DATA SOURCE IS PROBABLY OUR BEST DATA SOURCE FOR TRYING TO MEASURE PERSONS AT RISK OF HAVING FORCE USED AGAINST THEM BECAUSE THE SUBJECT CHARACTERISTICS, SO THESE ARE PEOPLE WHO ARE ACCUSED OR ARE POTENTIALLY OFFENDERS.
THIS IS OFTEN REPORTED BY THE VICTIMS THEMSELVES.
SO THIS VERSUS ARREST DATA, WHICH IS CAPTURED THE ARREST DATA.
IT COULD BE THAT WE HAVE OFFICER BIAS IN WHO'S ARRESTED TO BEGIN WITH.
UM, AND THEREFORE WHEN WE USE IT AS A BENCHMARK, IT COULD BE PROBLEMATIC.
AND WE KNOW THAT RESIDENTIAL CENSUS POPULATION IS PROBLEMATIC.
SO USING THESE BENCHMARKS, NONE OF THEM ARE PERFECT, UM, BUT WE RELY MORE HEAVILY ON THE CRIMINAL SUSPECT.
AND THAT GROUP A, THAT YOU SEE, ARREST GROUP A OR SUSPECT GROUP A, THOSE ARE THE MOST SERIOUS TYPES OF OFFENSES.
SO WHAT'S SHOWN HERE ARE THESE DISPARITY RATIOS.
A DISPARITY RATIO FOR REFERENCE AT 1.0 MEANS THERE, THERE IS NO DISPARITIES, THERE'S NO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RACIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS.
IF IT IS UNDER 1.0, IT'S SUGGESTING THAT, UM, THAT THAT PARTICULAR RACIAL GROUP IS, IS LESS LIKELY COMPARED TO WHITES.
THE WHITE IS THE COMPARISON CATEGORY, LESS LIKELY COMPARED TO WHITES TO HAVE FOUR SHOES AGAINST THEM.
IF IT IS ABOVE 1.0, IT'S THAT RACIAL OR ETHNIC GROUP IS MORE LIKELY COMPARED TO WHITES TO HAVE USE OF FORCE, UM, UH, DURING, UH, INCIDENTS, AGAIN, 1.0 BEING EVEN TYPICALLY AS A GENERAL RULE OF THUMB, HOW, HOW MUCH IS TOO MUCH? UH, 1.5 IS WHERE WE START TO SAY, WELL, AT 1.5, 1.5 TIMES MORE LIKELY THAT DISPARITY RATIO IS ONE THAT CAUSES PEOPLE PAUSE.
WE NEED TO LOOK INTO IT A LITTLE BIT MORE.
WHAT WE SEE HERE ACROSS, UH, THESE BENCHMARKS, ALL WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE POPULATION BENCHMARK, IS RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES THAT ARE NOT SUBSTANTIVELY SIGNIFICANT REALLY OR MEANINGFUL IN ANY WAY.
YOU ARE VERY CLOSE TO 1.0 AND IN SOME CASES BELOW 1.0.
SO THIS IS ACTUALLY REALLY GOOD NEWS.
THE INTERPRETATION OF THIS IS THAT THERE ARE NO SUBSTANTIVE RACIAL OR ETHNIC DISPARITIES THAT HAVE BEEN FOUND IN YOUR USE OF FORCE DATA.
THIS IS A PRETTY CONSISTENT FINDING.
THE KROLL REPORT FOUND THE SAME.
UM, AND SO THIS IS REALLY, I THINK, GOOD NEWS, UM, FOR THE CITY LOOKING ACROSS THOSE DIFFERENT BENCHMARKS.
BUT AGAIN, THIS IS NOT THE ONLY WAY TO MEASURE RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITY, AND NONE OF THESE MEASURES ARE FOOLPROOF.
UM, AND SO WE ALSO LOOK AT IT USING MULTIVARIATE REGRESSION ANALYSES.
THIS ANSWERS THE LIKELIHOOD IF EVERYTHING ELSE WAS HELD CONSTANT IN A SITUATION, EVERYTHING ELSE IS EQUAL, BUT YOU CHANGE MY RACE OR ETHNICITY OR CHANGE THE RACE OF THE ETHNICITY OF THE PERSON THAT'S HAVING FORCE USED AGAINST THEM.
DOES THAT MATTER? RIGHT? AND THAT'S WHAT A MULTI-VARIATE STATISTICAL REGRESSION MODEL TRIES TO DO.
STATISTICALLY, YOU'RE CONTROLLING AND KEEPING EVERYTHING ELSE CONSTANT AND YOU'RE LOOKING AT THAT ONE VARIABLE IN THIS CASE RACE OR ETHNICITY, TO SEE IF THERE'S A DIFFERENCE.
UH, ALL THE FACTORS, UH, THAT WE CAN MEASURE WITH ARREST HAVE BEEN INCLUDED.
THE PROBLEM WITH THIS IS THERE, WE'RE NOT MEASURING EVERYTHING WITH ARREST.
SO, UM, WE'RE LOOKING AT ALL OF THOSE THAT HAVE ARREST SPECIFICALLY THAT HAVE BEEN ARRESTED.
WHAT PREDICTS WHETHER OR NOT YOU HAVE FORCE USED WHEN YOU ARE ARRESTED? WE DON'T HAVE ALL OF THE INFORMATION WE
[01:10:01]
NEED, BUT WE HAVE SOME OF IT.MODEL MIS SPECIFICATION IS A TERM THAT'S USED WHEN THERE ARE OTHER FACTORS THAT MIGHT ACCOUNT FOR THIS THAT WE'RE NOT MEASURING.
SO FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN WE HAVE AN ARREST REPORT, IT DOESN'T NECESSARILY SHOW, UM, AND IT DOESN'T ROUTINELY CAPTURE WHETHER OR NOT THAT SUBJECT WAS RESISTANT.
RESISTANCE IS THE STRONGEST PREDICTOR OF WHETHER OR NOT YOU HAVE FOUR SHOES AGAINST THEM.
SO THE MODELS I'M GONNA SHOW YOU DO NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT RESISTANCE.
NOW, HAVING SAID ALL OF THAT, WHY ARE WE LOOKING AT ARRESTS? WELL, WE DO KNOW THAT 70, ALMOST 79% OF THE SUBJECTS WHO HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM WERE ALSO ARRESTED.
SO LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT EVERYONE WHO'S ARRESTED AND SAY, OKAY, WELL WHAT PREDICTS WHETHER OR NOT YOU HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST YOU? AND THIS IS WHERE WE EXAMINE ALL OF THOSE ARRESTS.
IN THIS CASE 20 OVER 23,000, UH, INDIVIDUAL ARRESTEES.
AND WE USE THESE STATISTICAL MODELS.
WE TRY TO CONTROL FOR OTHER ARRESTEE CHARACTERISTICS, INCIDENT CHARACTERISTICS, AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT ARE CAPTURED AGAIN, IN THAT DATA.
AND I WON'T BORE YOU WITH THE COEFFICIENTS AND THE P-VALUES AND THE ODDS RATIOS THAT OH, COME, THAT EXPLAINED ON, OH, I KNOW, I KNOW IT'S FASCINATING STUFF, BUT I'LL GET TO THE BOTTOM LINE FOR YOU.
MAYOR, RACE AND ETHNICITY OF THE ARRESTEE IS NOT A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT PREDICTOR OF USE OF FORCE IN ANY OF THESE MODELS.
OTHER THINGS ARE, BUT NOT RACE AND ETHNICITY.
SO WHAT PREDICTS FOR AN ARRESTEE, IF YOU'RE ARRESTED, WHAT PREDICTS WHETHER OR NOT YOU'RE MORE LIKELY TO HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST YOU IF YOU ARE YOUNGER, IF YOU ARE ARRESTED DURING NIGHTTIME HOURS, DURING THE WEEKENDS, OVER THE SUMMER MONTHS, IF YOU'RE ARRESTED IN GEORGE SECTOR, IF YOU HAVE NO FIREARM AND NO WARRANT.
NOW THESE THINGS SEEM COUNTERINTUITIVE, RIGHT? NO FIREARM AND NO WARRANT, AND YOU'RE MORE LIKELY TO HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST YOU.
HOW CAN THAT BE POSSIBLE? UM, AND SO WE TOOK A LOOK AGAIN AT THE DATA VERY SPECIFICALLY.
AND AGAIN, IT'S THOSE LEVEL FOURS THAT ARE DRIVING THIS, THAT VERY LOW LEVEL USE OF FORCE.
THOSE INDIVIDUALS DON'T TYPICALLY HAVE FIREARMS AND THEY'RE NOT WANTED ON A WARRANT.
THEY'RE INTOXICATED TO YOUR BARS.
THEY COME OUT ON GEORGE ON FIFTH STREET, THEY NEED TO BE ARRESTED.
THEY RESIST PUTTING THEIR HAND BEHIND THEIR BACK.
AND IT'S CONSIDERED A USE OF FORCE WHEN WE TAKE THE LEVEL FOURS OUT THAT NO FIREARM VARIABLE FALLS AWAY.
OKAY? SO AFTER THOUGH, CONTROLLING THE, THE BOTTOM LINE STORY HERE THOUGH IS AFTER WE CONTROL FOR ALL THESE OTHER FACTORS, BLACK AND HISPANIC ARRESTEES HAVE AN EQUAL LIKELIHOOD AS WHITES OF HAVING FORCE USED AGAINST THEM LOOKING AT THESE MODELS.
SO NOW I HAVE TWO DIFFERENT STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES, BENCHMARKING AND LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODELS THAT ARE SHOWING NO RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES.
UM, IN THIS CASE, THE ARRESTEES OF AN ANOTHER RACE WERE ACTUALLY LESS LIKELY THAN WHITES TO HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST THEM, UM, IN THESE PARTICULAR MODELS.
SO I'M GONNA PAUSE BECAUSE THAT WAS A LOT OF DATA, AND TAKE QUESTIONS IF YOU HAVE THEM.
AND THEN WE'LL FI AND THEN WE'LL UH, FINISH WITH SOME TRAINING UPDATES FROM COMMANDER EAGLE.
UM, MEMBERS LET ME KNOW IF YOU WANNA ASK QUESTIONS.
COUNCILOR ELLIS, I'LL ASK ONE WHILE WE'RE ON THE SUBJECT.
I'M CURIOUS ABOUT REPEAT ARRESTS MM-HMM
SO HOW DOES THAT DATA FACTOR IN? IF YOU HAVE, UH, AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS GETTING ARRESTED, YOU KNOW, MORE THAN ONCE IN A GIVEN YEAR, HOW IS THAT DATA SHOWN HERE? YEAH, THAT'S A, UM, WELL, SO IN THE ARRESTEE DATA, THEY WOULD SHOW UP MULTIPLE TIMES.
SO IF YOU'RE AN INDIVIDUAL THAT'S BEEN ARRESTED ON DAY ONE AND ALSO ON DAY FIVE, YOU SHOW UP TWICE IN THAT DATA SET, WE CAN MEASURE WHETHER OR NOT YOU ARE REPEAT ARRESTEE AND ALSO WHETHER YOU'RE, WHETHER OR NOT YOU ARE REPEAT USE OF FORCE, RIGHT? DO WE HAVE TO CONTINUE TO USE FORCE ON YOU? UM, AND WE HAVE MEASURED THAT IN THE ACTUAL REPORT ITSELF.
YOU'LL SEE THE NUMBER OF REPEATS, UM, THAT ARE, THAT HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST THEM, UM, TAKING THOSE THINGS INTO ACCOUNT.
THOSE THAT ARE REPEATEDLY ARRESTED, UH, REALLY AREN'T ANY MORE OR LESS LIKELY TO HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST THEM.
UM, IT'S REALLY WHETHER OR NOT THEY REPEATEDLY HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM, RIGHT? SO IF YOU HAVE SOMEONE THAT'S ARRESTED REPEATEDLY, BUT THEY'RE ALWAYS COMPLIANT, RIGHT? THAT NUMBER OF ARRESTS DOESN'T MATTER.
BUT IF YOU HAVE SOMEONE THAT YOU'VE ARRESTED THAT'S ROUTINELY COMBATIVE AND HAS FORCE USED AGAINST THEM, THEY ARE MORE LIKELY TO HAVE FORCE USED.
OKAY, I WAS CURIOUS ABOUT THAT.
'CAUSE I WOULD FIGURE IF SOMEONE HAS BEEN ARRESTED AND RESISTED AND HAD, UH, FORCE USED AGAINST THEM THAT THEY'RE PROBABLY OCCURRING, YOU KNOW, THAT THAT INCIDENT IS PROBABLY OCCURRING OVER AND OVER AND OVER AGAIN.
YOU KNOW, UNLESS THEY, UM, KIND OF GOT THE MESSAGE THE FIRST TIME AND SAID, NEXT TIME I SEE AN OFFICER, I'M NOT GONNA, UM, BEHAVE THAT WAY.
DO YOU HAVE MORE TO ADD?
[01:15:01]
HOPEFULLYCOUNCIL MEMBER LANG, COUNCIL MEMBER SIEGEL, AND COUNCIL MEMBER HARPER MADISON.
ARE YOU ON, I GUESS I LEFT IT ON THE WHOLE TIME.
I REALLY APPRECIATE THE DISCUSSION OF THE MULTIPLE MEASURES.
UM, AND THE WAY THAT THAT'S HELPFUL WITH THE DATA.
I HAVE A COUPLE QUESTIONS ABOUT, UM, THOSE ITEMS, WHICH WERE SLIDES 14 AND 24.
UM, MY FIRST QUESTION AND IS, AS YOU KNOW, YOU'VE DONE A LOT OF WORK TO BUILD OUT MODELS IN SUCH A WAY THAT ALLOWS MORE ROBUST ANALYSIS OF THE DATA, WHICH WILL BE REALLY IMPORTANT TO, AS WE MOVE AS A CITY TOWARDS MORE DATA CENTERED, UH, POLICING.
UM, IS IT POSSIBLE TO, I WANNA AT LEAST ELEVATE CONSIDERATION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ADDING ASIAN OR A API AS A CATEGORY? UM, I DO KNOW IT IS SOMETIMES LUMPED IN WITH WHITE AS A CATEGORY, BUT UM, YOU KNOW, MY DISTRICT IS 20% ASIAN.
THERE ARE POCKETS THAT ARE MAJORITY ASIAN AND, UM, THERE ARE DIFFERENT TRENDS IN RELATION TO THAT.
SO IF IT'S POSSIBLE TO CONSIDER THE ADDITION OF THAT, EVEN IF IT'S NOT NECESSARILY BACKWARD LOOKING, BUT MAYBE STARTING FROM WHERE YOU'RE AT, UM, WHATEVER YOU THINK IS BEST, BUT SURE, WE CAN ABSOLUTELY DO THAT AT ANY TIME.
THE REASON FOR IT COMBINED IN THE, IN THE REGRESSION ANALYSIS SPECIFICALLY, IS BECAUSE THAT CATEGORY IS SO SMALL MM-HMM
UM, OF, OF THAT PARTICULAR RACIAL GROUP THAT HAS, THAT HAS BEEN ARRESTED.
AND SO WHEN YOU GET TO SMALL ENDS, THEN STATISTICALLY, UM, IT'S A PROBLEM.
BUT WE CAN ABSOLUTELY BREAK IT OUT, UM, VERY SPECIFICALLY FOR YOU SO THAT YOU CAN SEE THAT.
UM, AND THAT'S WHAT I WOULD'VE ASSUMED, BUT YOU KNOW, WHERE WE LAND WITH DATA AND DECEPTIONS,
AND ISN'T NECESSARILY INTENTIONALLY DECIDED.
SO I APPRECIATE THAT EXPLANATION OF WHY, UM, HAS THERE BEEN ANY CONSIDERATION OF LOOKING AT RELIGIOUS FACTORS? THE TWO EXAMPLES THAT I HEAR ABOUT MOST FREQUENTLY IN MY DISTRICT ARE ANTISEMITISM AND ISLAMOPHOBIA, BUT OF COURSE THERE COULD POTENTIALLY BE OTHERS.
UM, AND THIS IS PREDICTING WHETHER OR NOT SOMEONE HAS FORCED USED AGAINST THEM BY OFFICERS.
UM, SO I DON'T THINK THAT WE MEASURE, UM, RELIGION AS PART OF THE CAPTURE OF, FOR THE INDIVIDUAL.
SO I HAVE NO INFORMATION ON THAT.
SO I JUST WANNA ELEVATE THAT AS YOU'RE LOOKING OVERALL AT THE DATA IMPROVEMENTS AND WHICH TYPES OF CATEGORIES TO BUILD IN ACROSS MORE THAN JUST USE OF FORCE AND AS WE IMPLEMENT BARRY DUNN, THAT SORT OF THING.
UM, CONSIDERING MAKING IT POSSIBLE TO DO ANALYSIS OF SOME OF THE DATA OF DATA ON THAT FACTOR.
YEAH, I THINK THAT WOULD BE AN INTERESTING TO LOOK AT THE HATE CRIMES AND WHAT USE OF FORCE HAS BEEN USED.
UM, YOU KNOW, ANY REPORTED HATE CRIMES, SOMETHING LIKE THAT.
SO WE COULD PROBABLY LOOK AT IT THAT FROM THAT VIEW.
AND VERY SIMILARLY, UM, IS THERE ALREADY CAPACITY TO, OR HAS THERE A CONSIDERATION OF ADDING, UM, CATEGORIES THAT ARE EITHER GEOGRAPHIC OR POLITICAL BOUNDARIES? JUST FOR EXAMPLE, SECTOR A, PD, DISTRICT COUNCIL, DISTRICT, COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT, THESE SORTS OF THINGS? SO SECTOR IS INCLUDED, UM, AND THAT'S HOW WE KNOW THAT GEORGE SECTOR, RIGHT, IN TERMS YES.
UM, IS AN OUTLIER, BUT WE CAN, WE CAN LOOK AT ALL DIFFERENT TYPES OF GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES MM-HMM
UM, AND SO IF THERE ARE ONES THAT ARE MORE RELEVANT, UM, FOR YOU FOLKS, WHEN WE'RE TRYING TO PREDICT AND UNDERSTAND USE OF FORCE, OF COURSE WE'RE GONNA RELY ON THE A PD BOUNDARIES BECAUSE THAT'S HOW OFFICERS ORGANIZATIONALLY REPORT UP WHO THEIR SUPERVISORS ARE, THEIR CHAIN OF COMMAND.
WE WANNA LOOK FOR PATTERNS AND TRENDS TO SEE IF THERE'S OUTLIERS.
THAT'S WHY WE USE THOSE MEASURES.
THEY MIGHT SEEM ARTIFICIAL IN TERMS OF BOUNDARIES OF NEIGHBORHOODS OR HOW PEOPLE CLUSTER OR, OR RESIDE TOGETHER.
AND SO THAT IS SOMETHING THAT WE COULD TAKE A LOOK AT DIFFERENTLY MM-HMM
UM, AND JUST DEPENDING ON WHAT YOU'RE, YOU KNOW, IF YOU WANNA GIVE ME A LIST OF THINGS THAT YOU'D LIKE TO SEE, WE CAN DO IT MM-HMM
UM, THAT'S A GREAT EXPLANATION.
UM, SO WHAT WOULD YOU THINK ABOUT THE ADDITION OF THE A PD DISTRICT? IF YOU'RE AT THE DISTRICT LEVEL? THE, YEAH.
THE NEW NEWLY IMPLEMENTED BEATS.
YEAH, I DON'T, I THINK THAT'S SOMETHING WE COULD PROBABLY EASILY DO.
I MEAN, JUST LOOKING AT IT YES.
DO THE BEAT FOR, FOR 26 FORWARD.
RIGHT? BECAUSE AGAIN, WE'RE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND THIS ORGANIZATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS MAKES SENSE FROM AN I DON'T NEED YOU TO YES.
I DON'T NEED IT TO BE A BUNCH OF WORK GOING BACKWARDS.
WELL, AND ALSO ORGANIZATIONALLY WOULDN'T, WOULDN'T MATTER NECESSARILY, RIGHT? BECAUSE THAT'S NOT HOW THEY WERE ORGANIZED PREVIOUSLY.
UM, AND THE REASON I'M ASKING IS BECAUSE MY DISTRICT IS PART OF ADAMS SECTOR AND SO IF THERE'S, IF THE ONLY MEASURE
[01:20:01]
THAT WE CAN LOOK AT ANY DATA BY IS ADAMS SECTOR, WE WILL NEVER BE ABLE TO LOOK AT THE IMPACT TO MY DISTRICT.UM, AND THEN, YOU KNOW, MY DISTRICT 60% WILLIAMSON COUNTY.
SO SIMILARLY, BEING ABLE TO JUST FIGURE OUT WHAT'S GOING ON AND IT, WHILE IT IS CERTAINLY LESS RELEVANT FOR USE OF FORCE BECAUSE THE FOCUS REALLY IS ON GEORGE AND WHAT'S SPECIFICALLY GOING ON THERE.
SINCE YOU ARE DOING THAT, UM, PROACTIVE LOOK AT WHAT CATEGORIES ARE USEFUL FOR ANALYZING THE DATA.
JUST WANTED TO HIGHLIGHT THIS.
WE CAN DO CENSUS TRACK, WE CAN DO NEIGHBORHOOD BOUNDARIES.
YOU JUST EXPLAINED TO ME THAT THAT'S NOT
COUNCIL MEMBER HARPER MADISON.
UH, JUST A FEW MORE QUESTIONS.
UM, WANTED TO ASK ABOUT SLIDE 18 AND KIND OF THE, UM, THE RAMP UP OF TOTAL ARRESTS, UH, ANNUALLY.
AND, UH, MAYBE THIS IS A QUESTION MORE FOR CHIEF DAVIS, BUT, UM, IF Y'ALL HAVE MADE INFERENCES ABOUT WHY, UM, I GUESS TOTAL ARRESTS ARE GOING UP, UM, 'CAUSE I, FROM WHAT I UNDERSTAND, POPULATION IS NOT REALLY GOING UP TO THE SAME DEGREE.
WHY, WHY ARRESTS ARE INCREASING.
UH, OFFICERS ARE GETTING BACK TO WORK.
THERE'S MORE PROACTIVITY WITH OFFICERS.
UH, ANY MORE THAN THAT? MIKE, DID YOU WANNA ADD ANYTHING ELSE? I WOULD JUST SAY COMING OUT OF 2020, WE HAD SOME UNIQUE CIRCUMSTANCES WITH COVID, WITH RISE, WITH CHANGES, WITH A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS.
AND SO, UH, DURING THAT TIME THERE WAS A LOT OF ARRESTS THAT, THAT DIDN'T OCCUR, RIGHT? WE WEREN'T TAKING CERTAIN PEOPLE TO THE JAIL FOR CERTAIN CRIMES BECAUSE OF, UH, RESTRICTIONS AND EVERYTHING ELSE.
AND SO, UM, WE'VE, WE'VE BEEN RECOVERING FROM THAT AND NOW WE'RE SIX YEARS INTO IT.
AND AS CHIEF SAID, PROACTIVITY IS BACK UP AND OFFICERS ARE GETTING BACK TO, UH, MAKING THE ARREST THAT THAT SHOULD BE OCCURRING TO DETER CRIME AND THINGS LIKE THAT.
UM, AND THEN I GUESS TURNING TO SLIDE 28, UM, I GUESS I JUST WANNA SEE THIS MIGHT BE MORE FOR PROFESSOR ENGEL.
IF YOU COULD, UH, SHARE A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT HOW YOU CONTROLLED FOR, UH, QUOTE UNQUOTE LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS.
SO THE LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT WE COULD MEASURE WERE WHETHER OR NOT THERE WAS A PRESENCE OF THE FIREARM, WHETHER OR NOT, UH, THE SUBJECT WAS WANTED, UM, ON AN ARREST WARRANT, UM, AND WHETHER OR NOT THE ARREST ITSELF WAS A FELONY ARREST, RIGHT? SO A MORE SERIOUS ARREST.
THOSE ARE THE LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT WE COULD MEASURE WITH THE ARREST DATA.
UM, AND THANK YOU, UM, FOR PULLING THAT SLIDE BACK UP.
UM, SO WHAT YOU CAN SEE HERE IS THAT, UM, WHETHER OR NOT SOMEONE IS ARRESTED FOR A FELONY OR A MISDEMEANOR DID NOT PREDICT WHETHER OR NOT THEY HAD FORCE USED AGAINST THEM.
AGAIN, THAT'S LIKELY BECAUSE OF THOSE LEVEL FOURS LOW LEVEL, THESE ARE, UM, TEND TO BE MORE, UH, MISDEMEANOR TYPE ARRESTS TO BEGIN WITH, UH, OR LESS SERIOUS ARRESTS.
UM, AND SO THEN WE ALSO LOOKED AT WHETHER OR NOT A WARRANT, IF SOMEONE WAS WANTED ON A WARRANT, UM, AND THEN ALSO THAT FIREARM CATEGORY.
AND THEN LAST QUESTION ABOUT THE NEXT SLIDE, SLIDE 29.
UM, AND Y Y'ALL ANSWERED A LOT OF THE QUESTIONS I HAD ABOUT THIS ONE, BUT, UM, I GUESS, AND YOU MENTIONED, YOU KNOW, SIXTH THREE, YOU KNOW, WHICH IS OBVIOUSLY NOTORIOUS.
UM, BUT MY QUESTION IS MAINLY, IS THERE EVIDENCE OR DATA THAT INDICATES THAT, FOR EXAMPLE, THE UNHOUSED POPULATION IS A MAJOR ASPECT OF THE, THE GEORGE SECTOR ARRESTS AND USE OF FORCE? AND IS THERE A WAY TO KIND OF UNDERSTAND WHETHER THERE MIGHT BE SOME OFFICER BIAS TOWARDS UNHOUSED INDIVIDUAL INDIVIDUALS? THAT'S A, THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION AND I WOULD LOVE TO KNOW THE ANSWER, BUT WE DON'T MEASURE IT.
IT'S NOT INCLUDED IN THE DATA OF WHETHER OR NOT SOMEONE IS UNHOUSED.
WE DON'T CAPTURE IT ROUTINELY.
UM, AND SO THAT'S A LIMIT OF WHAT WE CAN LOOK AT STATISTICALLY.
NOW CAN YOU GO BACK INTO THE REPORTS, INTO THE NARRATIVE OF THOSE REPORTS AND SORT OF PULL OR TRY TO EXTRACT THAT INFORMATION OUT? THAT'S A POSSIBILITY.
UM, CHIEF YOU WANNA SAY? YEAH, I THINK IT'S A VERY HARD CATEGORY TO CAPTURE, RIGHT? AND SO BECAUSE SOMEONE MAY HAVE AN ADDRESS, SOMEONE MAY NOT HAVE AN ADDRESS.
UM, BUT I DO THINK IT ALSO GOES BACK TO IN THE DTAC SECTOR OF THEY DEFINITELY GET THE DOWNTOWN AREA GETS MORE CALLS ON LEVEL, UH, OR PRIORITY THREE CALLS, WHICH IS OUR LOWEST LEVEL CALL, AND THAT'S THE PERSON STANDING ON THE CORNER SCREAMING OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT, WHERE THERE'S NO CRIME BEING COMMITTED, BUT THE PERSON OBVIOUSLY NEEDS ASSISTANCE OR HELP OR ATTENTION FROM SOMEONE, RIGHT? AND SO, UH, AS WE'VE BEEN TRYING TO PUT TOGETHER THESE MODELS WITH EMS AND POLICE AND INTEGRAL CARE OR MENTAL HEALTH CORRESPONDING TO GET A DIFFERENT REACTION TO THAT, THE REALITY IS WE'RE STILL RIGHT THERE ON SCENE.
IT'S A VERY SMALL SECTOR, 1.15 SQUARE MILES, I THINK COMPARED TO,
[01:25:01]
UH, YOU KNOW, ADAMS SECTOR, WHICH IS 50 SQUARE MILES, RIGHT? THEY ARE THERE, THEY'RE RESPONDING, THEY'RE GETTING THERE QUICKLY.AND SO WHEN YOU GET THERE TO AN EMERGENCY, TO A SITUATION THAT HASN'T HAD TIME TO SLOW DOWN OR CALM DOWN, YOU SEE USE OF FORCE GO UP.
AND THAT GOES FOR INTOXICATED PEOPLE THAT ARE HAVING FIGHTS.
AND THAT GOES FOR MENTAL, UH, PEOPLE THAT ARE EXPERIENCING A MENTAL HEALTH EPISODE THAT HASN'T HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO CALM DOWN OR NO ONE ELSE HAS BEEN THERE TO DO THAT.
SO WE DON'T HAVE THE EXACT DATA, BUT I CAN SAY THE PROXIMITY AND BEING ABLE TO RESPOND QUICKLY AND HANDLE THE SITUATION WHICH NEEDS HANDLED DOES HAVE A TENDENCY FOR USE OF FORCE TO GO UP.
AND THEN I GUESS A RELATED QUESTION COULD BE, HAVE YOU LOOKED AT THE DATA WHERE YOU KIND OF TAKE OUT THE, THE PARTY NIGHTS, YOU KNOW, UH, YOU KNOW, THE FRIDAY AND SATURDAY NIGHTS? SO, UM, SO THE WEEKENDS IS A SIGNIFICANT PREDICTOR OF WHETHER OR NOT FORCE IS USED.
UM, AND SO IT IS STATISTICALLY CONTROLLED IN THESE MODELS SO THAT WE KNOW YOU'RE LESS LIKELY TO HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST YOU DURING THE WEEKDAY.
UM, AND OF COURSE WE THINK THAT'S LINKED TO INTOXICATION.
ONE OF THE MEASURES THAT WE DON'T HAVE WITH THE ARRESTEES IS INTOXICATION.
WE HAVE IT LIMITED INFORMATION ABOUT IMPAIRMENT WITH USE OF FORCE, BUT NOT ALL ARRESTEES OF COURSE HAVE FORCE USED AGAINST THEM.
SO AT THE ARRESTEE LEVEL, IT WOULD BE GOOD FOR US TO HAVE THAT ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
THESE ARE ALL THINGS THAT YOU ALWAYS HAVE TO BALANCE.
HOW MUCH INFORMATION ARE YOU ASKING OFFICERS TO PUT ON THE REPORT? UM, YOU KNOW, I'M A STATISTICIAN.
I WOULD LOVE TO HAVE AS MUCH INFORMATION AND DATA AS I CAN, BUT WHAT'S REALISTIC AND WHAT'S THE MOST IMPORTANT TO CAPTURE? AND SO THOSE ARE CONVERSATIONS THAT WE'RE GONNA BE HAVING OVER THE NEXT YEAR OR SO TO MAKE SURE THAT OUR DATA IS THE STRONGEST THAT IT CAN BE.
I CAN SAY WHEN YOU'RE LOOKING AT THE USE OF FORCE, AND CERTAINLY THE ARREST THAT WE HAVE ON SIXTH STREET, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE HAVE IMPLEMENTED IS WHEN THERE IS AN ARREST MADE ON SIXTH STREET, UM, AND CERTAINLY WHERE THERE'S INTOXICATION.
WHAT BAR DID YOU COME FROM? WHERE DID YOU JUST LEAVE? AND SO THAT'S PART OF THE, UM, THE PLACE NETWORK INVESTIGATIONS THAT'S OPERATED OUTTA THE CITY MANAGER'S OFFICE.
THAT'S ONE OF THE THINGS WE'RE LOOKING AT AS WELL IS, IS IDENTIFYING THOSE BARS THAT MAY BE OVER-SERVING.
UM, SO THAT IS SOMETHING WE'RE CAPTURING.
BUT TO YOUR POINT, I WOULD LOVE TO KNOW WHEN YOU'RE LOOKING AT THE UNHOUSED, UM, IT IS HARD TO CAPTURE THAT BECAUSE I CAN'T JUST, UM, GO AND SAY, UH, YOU KNOW, UH, WHERE ARE WE? BECAUSE A LOT OF, UM, YOU KNOW, TO MIKE'S POINT, THEY'RE GIVING OTHER ADDRESSES.
THEY'RE NOT, THEY'RE NOT, UM, GIVING ANY ADDRESS REFUSES TO GIVE AN ADDRESS.
SO THAT'S REALLY HARD TO CAPTURE THAT INFORMATION.
COUNCIL MEMBER, COUNCIL MEMBER HARPER MADISON.
I THINK, UH, COUNCIL MEMBER LANE ASKED SOME OF THE REALLY CRITICAL QUESTIONS, UM, THAT I ALREADY HAD.
AND THEN CHIEF, YOU JUST VOLUNTEERED THE LATTER INFORMATION THAT I WAS CURIOUS ABOUT, YOU KNOW, THE FREQUENCY WITH WHICH CERTAIN BARS, YOU KNOW, THE $2 SHOP BARS.
AND SO I WAS CURIOUS ABOUT THAT.
AND THEN I THINK LASTLY, THE OTHER THING I WAS THINKING ABOUT WAS, I HAD A FRIEND WHO TOLD ME SHE HADN'T RENEWED HER REGISTRATION IN 14 YEARS, BUT I KNOW PEOPLE GET POPPED RIDING AND DIRTY ON THE EAST SIDE EVERY DAY.
SO I'M JUST SORT OF CURIOUS ABOUT HOW DO WE, SO YOU WERE TALKING ABOUT THE PREDICTORS, RIGHT? MM-HMM
SO THEY LIVE IN THE SAME NEIGHBORHOOD, BUT ONE PERSON GOT POPPED FOR, YOU KNOW, DIRTY REGISTRATION, ANOTHER PERSON DIDN'T.
AND I'M JUST SORT OF CURIOUS, LIKE IN MY, I'M TRYING TO, IN MY MIND'S, I FORMULATE WHAT IS, WHAT IS IT THAT I'M DIGGING AT THERE? I THINK WHAT YOU'RE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND IS WHAT PUTS SOMEONE AT RISK AND WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT PUT YOU AT RISK IN THIS CASE FOR BEING STOPPED FOR A TRAFFIC OFFENSE? AND WHETHER OR NOT WE CAN MEASURE ALL OF THOSE THINGS WITH DATA.
AND THE UNSATISFACTORY ANSWER IS WE CAN'T MEASURE IT ALL WITH DATA, BUT WHAT WE CAN LOOK WITH THIS DATA IS IDENTIFY PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN PARTICULAR AREAS, GEOGRAPHIC AREAS, FOR EXAMPLE, OR IN, IN THIS CASE, ORGANIZATIONAL SECTORS, OTHER THINGS.
AND THEN WORK WITH OUR TRAINING AND OUR POLICY AND OUR ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS, RIGHT? WE CAN'T JUST RELY ON JUST THE DATA ANALYSIS TO TELL US THE HOLISTIC PICTURE.
WE HAVE TO PULL IT ALL TOGETHER.
SO IN THIS PARTICULAR CASE, IF YOU'RE FINDING FROM YOUR RESIDENCE, YOU'RE HEARING THAT CONSISTENTLY AND YOU REPORT THAT BACK TO THE PATROL COMMANDER HERE, THEN IT'S ON HIM TO LOOK AT AND BETTER UNDERSTAND WHAT'S HAPPENING IN THESE PARTICULAR AREAS, WORK WITH HIS FIRST LINE SUPERVISORS TO MAKE SURE THAT THERE'S NOT BIAS, UM, THAT'S BEING INTRODUCED, UM, IN THE, YOU KNOW, THAT YOU'RE POTENTIALLY RECOGNIZING.
YEAH, I WOULD JUST ADD TO THAT WHEN WE'RE LOOKING AT THESE FACTORS THAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT, YOU KNOW, IF YOU'RE, YOU'RE DOWN IN, UH, DOWNTOWN AREA ON A FRIDAY NIGHT AND YOU'RE ON SIXTH STREET, YOU'RE MORE THAN LIKELY GONNA BE STOPPED IF YOU'RE PARTICIPATING IN ANY TYPE OF ILLEGAL ACTIVITY.
WHEREAS IF YOU'RE SOMEWHERE ELSE WHERE WE DON'T HAVE, UM, COPS PROACTIVELY THERE BECAUSE OF, UH, A LOWER CRIME RATE OR LOWER INCIDENTS OR LOWER ACTIVITIES, YOU'RE MUCH LESS LIKELY TO BE STOPPED THERE.
UM, AND SO, AND I THINK THE OTHER THING WHEN WE TALK ABOUT A REGISTRATION STICKER THAT COMES UP IS TYPICALLY WHEN AN OFFICER MAKES A TRAFFIC STOP FOR A REGISTRATION STICKER, IT'S, THEY'VE
[01:30:01]
RAN A LICENSE PLATE AND THEY GOT A RETURN BACK THAT SAYS THIS IS EXPIRED, RIGHT? MM-HMMSOMETIMES YOU CAN SEE CLEARLY INTO THAT VEHICLE AND FIND OUT WHO'S DRIVING IT.
OFTENTIMES YOU CAN, ESPECIALLY NOWADAYS WITH VEHICLES, RIGHT? AND SO, UM, TRYING TO MEASURE LIKE, HEY, LIKE, YOU KNOW, YOU GOT STOPPED BECAUSE OF THIS OR THIS, WHEN IT'S VERY HARD FOR THE OFFICERS TO EVEN TELL WHO'S DRIVING THE CAR.
A LOT OF TIMES, AND I WOULD GO BACK TO COUNCIL MEMBER LANE'S REQUEST ABOUT THE RELIGIOUS COMPONENT AS WELL, AND SAY, IT'S VERY HARD FOR AN OFFICER, YOU KNOW, WE DON'T TYPICALLY GO UP AND ASK THEM WHAT THEIR RELIGIOUS BELIEFS ARE BEFORE WE ENGAGE THEM IN A, IN A USE OF FORCE OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT.
AND SO WHILE THERE MAY BE INCIDENTS, VERY FEW INCIDENTS WHERE WE WOULD KNOW, OKAY, THIS PERSON'S HERE FOR THIS EVENT OR THIS OR THAT, THERE'S A LIKELIHOOD THAT THEY'RE THERE, IT'S HIGHLY UNLIKELY THAT WE WILL KNOW THEIR RELIGIOUS BELIEFS BEFORE WE ENGAGE.
SO, MAY I, MAY I BRIEFLY REPLY TO THAT? HANG, HANG ON, WE'LL COME BACK TO YOU.
AND I THINK THE, I THINK THE THREAD I'M DIGGING AT THERE IS, SO MY DISTRICT IS UNIQUE IN THAT IT'S RAPIDLY CHANGING AND I THINK SOME OF OUR HISTORIC RESIDENTS ASSUME THAT NEW RESIDENTS AREN'T BEING SCRUTINIZED WITH THE SAME DEGREE.
YOU UNDERSTAND WHAT I'M SAYING? YES, MA'AM.
SO THESE ARE THE KINDS OF QUESTIONS WE HAVE TO ANSWER.
SO I'M REALLY JUST THE QUESTIONS I'M ASKING IT SO THAT I CAN ACCURATELY CONVEY TO OUR CONSTITUENTS WILL HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT THIS REPORT AND THIS BRIEFING.
COUNCIL MEMBER, COUNCIL MEMBER LANE, THIS IS SUPER QUICK.
UM, YEAH, I DEFINITELY UNDERSTAND THAT IN THE VAST MAJORITY OF CASES, YOU DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER.
AND SO, UM, I NEGLECTED TO SPECIFY THAT IF, IF YOU DO CONSIDER ADDING THAT TYPE OF CATEGORY TO WHAT'S COLLECTED, OF COURSE YOU WOULD NEED AN UNKNOWN BOX AS WELL.
AND A LOT OF THEM WOULD BE UNKNOWN.
BUT I'M, I'M JUST REALLY TRYING TO GET AT, FOR THE UNIVERSE OF DATA THAT WE LIKE TO BE ABLE TO LOOK AT FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT.
LIKE HOW, YOU KNOW, WHAT ARE, I THINK I ALREADY EXPRESSED THIS PART BEFORE, SO I'LL STOP THERE.
SO, AND I PROMISE THIS IS, WE'RE COMING TOWARDS THE END FOLKS, SO THANKS FOR BEARING WITH ME WITH THAT STATISTICS LESSON AND EVERYTHING ELSE.
I'M APOLOGIZE FOR THE LENGTH OF THIS REPORT, BUT I, UH, I APPRECIATE, UM, THAT YOU FOLKS ARE STILL WITH US HERE.
SO, INTEGRATING THE USE OF FORCE POLICY, UM, INTO THE A PD TRAINING, THIS IS, YOU KNOW, WE CAN PUT POLICIES IN PLACE ALL DAY LONG AND IF IT'S NOT INTEGRATED IN THE TRAINING, AND IT'S NOT JUST THAT OFFICERS ARE TRAINED ABOUT THE POLICY, BUT IT BECOMES PART OF THE TRAINING ACROSS.
UM, AND SO I ACTUALLY ASKED, UH, COMMANDER EAGLE TO SIT UP HERE WITH ME, UM, SO THAT WE CAN TALK JUST A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT'S HAPPENING AT THE TRAINING ACADEMY RIGHT NOW.
AS I MENTIONED TO YOU PREVIOUSLY, THE NEW POLICY, UM, THE TRAINING TO UNDERSTAND THAT POLICY HAS BEEN COMPLETED, 96% OF PERSONNEL BY THE END OF THE FIRST MONTH, AND NOW A COMPLETE OF EVERYONE HAS BEEN TRAINED AT THIS POINT.
SO THE POLICY CHANGES HAVE ALSO NOW BEEN ADDED TO MANDATORY 2026 REFRESHER TRAINING.
UM, COMMANDER EAGLE, COULD YOU TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHAT THIS LOOKS LIKE, UM, FOR THE POLICY CHANGES BEING ADDED? CERTAINLY, UH, OUR TEAM WAS TASKED WITH PUTTING TOGETHER TRAINING FOR THIS POLICY, SIGNIFICANT UPDATE AND REVISION.
UH, WE STARTED WITH OUR LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ONLINE COURSE, UH, COMPREHENSIVE, ALL THE CHANGES BEING CONSOLIDATED INTO ONE POLICY.
AS YOU CAN SEE, 96% OF OUR SWORN PERSONNEL COMPLETED THAT BY THE DEADLINE OF JANUARY 31ST.
UH, WE ALSO HAVE SCHEDULED IN-PERSON ANNUAL TRAINING FOR ALL OF OUR SWORN PERSONNEL.
AND SO THIS WILL INC, THIS WILL BE 20 HOURS FOR EACH OFFICER.
WHAT THAT LOOKS LIKE IS THE FIRST FOUR HOURS OR THE ICAT INTEGRATING COMMUNICATION ASSESSMENT AND TACTICS AND THE ABLE ACTIVE BYSTANDER SHIP FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT, AND THEN A DEF DEFENSIVE TACTICS REFRESHER TRAINING.
NOW DEESCALATION IS EMPHASIZED IN ICAT AND ABLE, AND WE'LL TALK MORE ABOUT THAT IN A MOMENT.
BUT THE DEFENSIVE TACTICS IS WHERE THEY ACTUALLY TALK ABOUT SOME OF THE THINGS THAT WE DEMONSTRATED EARLIER.
WHAT IS THE, A REPORTABLE INCIDENT, WHAT IS NOW NO LONGER CONSIDERED A USE OF FORCE? AND THE OFFICERS HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO WORK WITH OUR INSTRUCTORS AND SHOW THEM THAT AND ANSWER THEIR QUESTIONS.
UM, WE'VE COMPLETED, WE'VE PROBABLY MORE THAN HALF OF OUR SWORN OFFICERS AT THIS POINT, WE ARE ATTEMPTING TO GET ALL THE SWORN OFFICERS COMPLETED BY THE END OF THIS MONTH.
AND STARTING WITH ALL THE SUPERVISORS BEGINNING IN MAY.
THE SUPERVISOR TRAINING WILL INCLUDE THE SAME 20 HOURS THAT ALL THE OFFICERS ARE GETTING WITH ADDITIONAL TRAINING RELATED TO THEIR SUPERVISORY TASKS OF FORCE REVIEW, WHERE OUR FORCE REVIEW UNIT WILL COME AND SPEAK TO THEM AGAIN ABOUT THESE NEW USE OF FORCE CHANGE CHANGES AND WHAT THAT LOOKS LIKE ON THE BACKEND WHEN THEY'RE REVIEWING USES OF FORCE AND WORKING WITH THEIR OFFICERS.
THERE'S ADDITIONAL CLASSES FOR OUR SUPERVISORS ON WELLNESS AND INTERNAL AFFAIRS AND OTHER TOPICS.
[01:35:01]
TRAINING, UH, WE STARTED SIGNIFICANTLY MEASURING OUR ICAT TRAINING IN 20 24, 20 25, EXCUSE ME, I, I'M SPEAKING, WE STARTED THE ICAT TRAINING IN 2021, AND ALL OF OUR SWORN PERSONNEL HAVE BEEN THROUGH THE INITIAL ICA TRAINING, UM, THAT WAS MANDATED IN THE LAST TRAINING, A TCO TRAINING CYCLE.AND NOW WE ARE BEGINNING THOSE ICAT REFRESHER TRAININGS WHERE WE'RE BRINGING THEM BACK IN AND GIVING THEM ADDITIONAL TWO HOURS OF TRAINING EVERY YEAR.
AND THAT'S GONNA BE PART OF OUR ANNUAL TRAINING, UM, WORKING WITH DR.
ENGEL, WE HAVE FOLKS COMING OUT TO REVIEW WHAT WE'RE DOING, UM, SEE HOW WE'RE DOING IT, UM, MAKE SURE WE'RE DOING IT THE RIGHT WAY, AND THEN GIVE US SUGGESTIONS ON MAYBE HOW WE CAN IMPROVE THAT.
THAT'S COMING UP, UH, APRIL 27TH AND 28TH.
UH, WE'RE BEGINNING THAT PART OF THAT ICAT TRAINING IS THAT CRITICAL DECISION MAKING MODEL.
I BROUGHT A COPY OF IT WITH ME TODAY.
I ALSO SPOKE ABOUT THIS YESTERDAY WITH THE, UH, PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE.
THIS IS NOW PART OF OUR POLICY.
WE HAVE BEEN INTEGRATING THIS INTO OUR TRAINING SINCE JANUARY 1ST.
WHAT I MEAN BY THAT IS OUR CADETS ARE NOW TAUGHT THIS, AND WHAT THIS DOES, IT GIVES THEM A WAY TO MAKE DECISIONS.
NOW, ICAT WAS ORIGINALLY INTENDED FOR SITUATIONS INVOLVING PERSONS IN SOME KIND OF CRISIS.
THEY'RE ARMED WITH A WEAPON OTHER THAN A FIREARM.
AND THE OVERALL GOAL IS TO REDUCE OFFICER INVOLVED SHOOTINGS AND HAVING TO RESORT TO LETHAL FORCE.
AND SO WE'VE TAKEN THESE CONCEPTS AND WE'VE APPLIED THEM TO EVERY CALL FOR SERVICE FOR OUR OFFICERS.
SO WE'RE TEACHING THEM HOW TO USE THESE SAME CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES AND APPLY THEM TO EVERY CALL FOR SERVICE, SLOWING THINGS DOWN.
AND WHAT THIS MODEL DOES IS TEACHES THEM HOW TO MAKE A DECISION.
AND SO THEY GATHER THE INFORMATION, THEY ASSESS THE SITUATION, THEY CONSIDER THE POLICY POLICE POWERS, THEY IDENTIFY OPTIONS, DETERMINE COURSES OF ACTION.
THEY SELECT A COURSE OF ACTION ASSESS, AND THEN THEY CAN GATHER, CONTINUE TO GATHER INFORMATION, AND THEY CONTINUE TO GO AROUND THIS.
YEAH, I WAS TRYING TO FIND IT IN THE SLIDES, BUT YOU FOLKS HAVE A COPY OF IT.
UM, I'M NOT SURE WHAT PAGE IT'S ON, BUT YOU HAVE A COPY OF IT IN FRONT OF ME.
UM, SO WHAT WE'VE BEEN DOING WITH THIS IS WE'VE BEEN INTEGRATING IT IN ALL OF OUR TRAINING.
AND SO WE ARE TAKING THIS TO OUR CADETS AND WE'RE SHOWING THEM HOW TO USE IT.
THEN WE'RE REVIEWING IT WITH THEM BEFORE THEY DO THE ROLE PLAY SCENARIOS.
WE HAVE BROUGHT THIS TO OUR FIELD TRAINING OFFICER SCHOOL, AND WE'VE TALKED TO OUR FIELD TRAINING OFFICERS ABOUT USING THIS WITH THEIR PROBATIONARY POLICE OFFICERS.
WHEN THEY REVIEW A CALL FOR SERVICE, HOW DID AN OFFICER TAKE THE INFORMATION THEY HAVE, ARRIVE AT A DECISION, TAKE ACTION, AND THEN WALK THEM THROUGH THAT.
ADDITIONALLY, WE'RE TEACHING OUR OFFICERS TO USE THIS TO WRITE THEIR REPORTS ON THE BACKEND.
WE HAVE BROUGHT THIS INTO OUR SUPERVISORS SCHOOL AND TAUGHT OUR SUPERVISORS TO ALSO USE THIS TO REVIEW A CALL FOR SERVICE WITH OUR OFFICERS.
AND SO WE'RE INFUSING THIS INTO EVERYTHING THAT WE'RE DOING.
OUR FORCE REVIEW UNIT IS USING THIS IN, IN-SERVICE TRAINING THAT THEY'RE DOING WITH OUR PATROL SHIFTS.
WE ARE CURRENTLY WORKING ON GETTING POSTERS MADE OF THIS MODEL TO DISPLAY AT ALL OF OUR POLICE FACILITIES.
AND SO WE'RE INTEGRATING THAT INTO EVERYTHING WE DO TO CONSTANTLY REMIND OUR FOLKS TO, TO USE THESE TOOLS TO DEESCALATE AND SLOW THINGS DOWN WHEN THEY CAN TO MAKE THE BEST DECISIONS.
UM, AND I CAN PAUSE RIGHT THERE.
SO, YOU KNOW WHY THAT ICAP MODEL, I MENTIONED TO YOU BEFORE THAT IT IS EVIDENCE-BASED.
WE HAVE VERY STRONG EVIDENCE, RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL DESIGNS THAT HAVE SHOWN, UM, THAT THE USE OF THIS TRAINING LEADS TO REDUCTIONS IN USE OF FORCE, REDUCTION IN CITIZEN AND OFFICER INJURIES.
UM, SO IMPORTANT, BUT THAT CRITICAL DECISION MAKING MODEL.
HERE'S, HERE'S THE RUB, RIGHT? WHEN YOU TEACH OFFICERS, WE WANT YOU TO SLOW DOWN.
WE WANT YOU TO ASSESS THE SITUATION, GATHER INFORMATION, TAKE THINGS INTO ACCOUNT.
THE IMMEDIATE PUSHBACK IS, YOU'RE GONNA TEACH ME TO HESITATE AND YOU'RE GONNA GET ME KILLED OUT THERE.
BECAUSE PRIOR, BEFORE WE HADN'T REALLY THOUGHT ABOUT DEESCALATION TRAINING.
WE THOUGHT ABOUT YOU GOTTA RUSH IN, HANDLE A SITUATION AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE, RIGHT? SO THAT IT DOESN'T GET OUTTA CONTROL.
THERE ARE TIMES WHEN THAT IS IMPORTANT, RIGHT? WHEN A FIREARM IS INVOLVED, WHEN THERE IS, YOU KNOW, AND IT'S AN EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL INCIDENT, YOU NEED TO HAVE THAT GO IN IMMEDIATELY AND, YOU KNOW, ADDRESS THAT ISSUE.
BUT A LOT OF TIMES YOU HAVE TIME, YOU CAN USE COVER, YOU CAN USE DISTANCE TO SLOW THINGS DOWN TO MAKE BETTER DECISIONS.
AND THAT'S WHAT'S TEACHING THESE OFFICERS.
THIS CRITICAL DECISION MAKING MODEL IS HELPING TO TEACH THEM TO UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCES IN THOSE SITUATIONS, TO ASSESS, TO SLOW THINGS DOWN WHEN THEY CAN, WHEN IT'S, WHEN IT'S POSSIBLE, AND IT DOESN'T PUT THEMSELVES OR OTHERS AT RISK, AND THEN MAKE BETTER DECISIONS.
AND THAT'S WHAT'S BEING INFUSED IN THE TRAINING THROUGHOUT.
NOT JUST THE DEESCALATION TRAINING, BUT THROUGHOUT THE TRAINING ACADEMY AND INTEGRATED INTO THE CULTURE SO THAT IT BECOMES A CULTURE OF AN EXPECTATION OF
[01:40:01]
DEESCALATION WHEN SAFE AND POSSIBLE.SO THAT'S JUST WHY WE ARE FOCUSING ON THIS.
THIS IS WHAT THE EVIDENCE SHOWS, UM, TO BE BEST PRACTICE.
BUT TRAINING AND CONTENT DELIVERY MATTER AND THE RECEPTIVITY TO THAT TRAINING ALSO MATTERS.
AND THE OTHER THING THAT WE KNOW IS THAT FIRST LINE SUPERVISORS, THAT IS THE KEY TO ANY REFORM OR CHANGE YOU WANT IN AN AGENCY.
IT'S THAT FIRST LINE SUPERVISOR THAT'S CRITICAL.
AND SO THE TRAINING THAT THEY'RE DOING WITH THOSE FIRST LINE SUPERVISORS, THAT 40 HOURS OF UPDATED TRAINING OF THEIR FIRST LINE SUPERVISORS, THAT'S GONNA BE I THINK, A MONUMENTAL CHANGE, UM, IN THIS AGENCY TO REALLY, AGAIN, DOUBLE DOWN ON THE EXPECTATION FOR DEESCALATION, UM, AND HANDLING SITUATIONS USING THAT CRITICAL DECISION MAKING MODEL.
WE'VE GOT POLICY, WE'VE GOT FIRST LINE SUPERVISORS, WE'VE GOT MANAGERIAL AND HIGH LEVEL REINFORCEMENT AND INTEGRATED TRAINING MODELS.
ALL OF THAT WE BELIEVE WILL IMPROVE IMPACT, AND I'M GOING TO BE VERY PROUD AND PLEASED TO KEEP TELLING YOU WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE QUARTERLY, ANNUALLY.
UM, AND THEN SETTING THE POLICE DEPARTMENT ON A PATH WHERE THEY'RE ABLE TO GIVE THOSE REPORTS TO YOU IN REAL TIME WITHOUT ME HAVING TO COME FROM THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, UM, AND UPSETTING THE MAYOR.
SO OUR NEXT STEPS ARE TO MAKE THAT HAPPEN.
UM, CONTINUING A MONTHLY REVIEW.
RIGHT NOW, I'M LOOKING AT THESE TRENDS MONTHLY AS THEY'RE COMING IN.
WE'RE GONNA STACK IT FOR YOU QUARTERLY, BUT WE'RE LOOKING AT IT MONTHLY.
WE'RE WORKING TO DEVELOP THAT DASHBOARD FOR EXECUTIVE LEVEL AND SUPERVISORY OVERSIGHT.
RIGHT NOW, OUR EXECUTIVE TEAM AT A PD SHOULD BE ABLE TO HAVE A DASHBOARD RIGHT IN FRONT OF THEM THAT'S TELLING THEM DAY TO DAY WHAT USE OF FORCE LOOKS LIKE AND BY SECTOR AND OTHER THINGS.
AND SO WE'RE BUILDING THAT TO MAKE SURE THAT THAT HAPPENS.
UM, THOSE NATIONAL TRAINERS, UH, THAT COMMANDER EAGLE JUST MENTIONED, THEY ARE COMING IN TO OBSERVE THAT ICAT TRAINING.
THEY'RE GONNA CONDUCT RIDE-ALONGS WITH OFFICERS.
AND THEY'RE ALSO GONNA HELP ME REVIEW THAT FIRST LINE SUPERVISOR TRAINING AS WELL.
WE'LL BE FOCUSING ON ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT MECHANISMS. THIS IS THE NEXT GOAL, THAT FORCE REVIEW UNIT.
IS IT WORKING EFFECTIVELY AND EFFICIENTLY? IS IT MEETING OUR NEEDS AND WORKING WITH A PO DIRECTLY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT THEIR NEEDS ARE AS WELL.
UM, AND THEN WE'LL BE REVIEWING SOME NEW A PD POLICIES.
WE WANNA TAKE A LOOK AT VEHICLE PURSUITS, FOOT PURSUITS, PEDESTRIAN AND TRAFFIC STOPS TO MAKE SURE THAT THEY ARE ALL ALIGNED WITH THE NEW USE OF FORCE POLICY.
AND THEN FINALLY, I'M A RESEARCHER, SO I GOTTA DESIGN AND STUDY A, YOU KNOW, PUT A STUDY IN PLACE TO MAKE SURE THAT ALL THIS WORK IS HAVING MEANINGFUL IMPACT.
SO WE'LL BE DOING THAT ALONG THE WAY.
THANK YOU SO MUCH, UM, FOR YOUR TIME TODAY.
UM, YOU ARE WELCOME TO REACH OUT TO ME ANYTIME FOR SPECIFIC INFORMATION.
IF YOU, UM, WOULD LIKE CHIEF LAST WORDS.
I APPRECIATE YOUR, I DON'T KNOW, YOU'RE, YOU'RE JUST AN INCREDIBLE INTELLIGENCE HERE WITH THIS.
YOU ARE A WORLD RENOWNED EXPERT AND I APPRECIATE YOU BEING HERE.
AND THE AUSTIN POLICE DEPARTMENT AND MAKING US BETTER.
SO, AGAIN, APPRECIATE YOUR TIME AND I WANT YOU ALL TO, HOPEFULLY YOU TAKE AWAY FROM THIS HOW, UM, YOU KNOW THAT YOUR A PD OFFICERS ARE DOING A GOOD JOB WHEN IT COMES TO USE OF FORCE, WHEN IT COMES TO DISPARITIES, UM, AND THAT, YOU KNOW, THAT WE ARE OPEN TO ALWAYS, UM, CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT.
UM, COUNCIL MEMBER UCHIN FOLLOWED BY COUNCIL MEMBER VELASQUEZ.
THANK YOU MAYOR, AND THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR THIS.
THIS HAS BEEN REALLY VALUABLE AND I APPRECIATE ALL THE HARD WORK THAT WENT INTO THIS AND THE RIGOR.
UH, JUST ONE QUESTION, WHICH IS, AND YOU TOUCHED ON THIS AT THE VERY END, WHICH WAS, UM, SENSING THAT THERE MIGHT BE SOME FOLKS, UH, IN TERMS OF THE PUSHBACK MM-HMM
ABOUT HESITATING BECAUSE MIGHT BE SLOWING THINGS DOWN, COUNTERPRODUCTIVE.
I'M JUST CURIOUS, ACROSS THE BOARD, WE TALKED ABOUT A LOT OF DIFFERENT CHANGES THAT ARE HAPPENING, UH, WHETHER IT'S CHANGES IN HOW YOU'RE LOOKING AT DATA REPORTING AND GOING BACK OVER OLD, UH, ANALYSES, WHETHER IT'S IMPLEMENTING A HALF DOZEN ACRONYMS THAT ARE PART OF TRAINING APPARATUSES AND PROGRAMS, UM, CDM AND ABLE AND SO ON.
ANY OTHER RESISTANCE THAT YOU'VE RUN INTO OR THE DEPARTMENTS THAT RUN INTO IN TERMS OF IMPLEMENTING ALL OF THESE CHANGES AT THE CADET ACADEMY ANYWHERE ELSE? UM, AS THIS HAS BEEN ROLLED OUT AND ADOPTED OVER THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS? WELL, I'LL SPEAK TO THAT FIRST AND THEN I'LL LET THE CHIEF SPEAK TO HER AGENCY SPECIFICALLY.
SO I WORK WITH AGENCIES ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
UM, I OFTEN SEE PUSHBACK AS, AS YOU MENTIONED, BECAUSE CHANGE IS CHALLENGING AND IT'S HARD.
UM, AND ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I'VE REALIZED, I WORK WITH LOUISVILLE METRO POLICE DEPARTMENT, AND THAT AGENCY HAS HAD SIGNIFICANT CHANGE.
AT ONE POINT, THEY HAD SIX POLICE CHIEFS IN FOUR YEARS, OKAY? AND THAT WAS COMING OUT OF
[01:45:01]
2020 A.THEY HAD OVER 150 STRAIGHT DAYS OF PROTEST.
AND AT THAT TIME, THEY WERE TRYING TO, YOU KNOW, THEY HAD OFFICERS THAT HAD HAD RESIGNED AND THEY WERE SHORT STAFFED.
AND WHAT THEY DECIDED TO DO WAS THEY NEEDED CHANGE IN THEIR ORGANIZATION, BUT THEY PUT IT TOGETHER IN A PACKAGE THAT INCLUDED AT THE FOREFRONT, OFFICER SAFETY WELLNESS, THEY INVESTED IN THEIR EMPLOYEES AND IN THEIR OFFICERS.
AND WHEN YOU DO THAT AND YOU MAKE SURE THAT THEY ARE SAFE AND WELL AND FEEL HEARD, THEN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE IS A LOT EASIER MOVING FORWARD.
SO THAT'S NOT SOMETHING THAT'S BEING DONE TO YOU, BUT WITH YOU, RIGHT.
ONE OF THE REASONS WHY THIS TOOK US A LONG TIME, I CAN COME INTO AN AGENCY AND I COULD CHANGE YOUR USE OF FORCE POLICY OVERNIGHT, BUT IT TOOK US A YEAR BECAUSE WE WORKED, WE HAD A USE OF FORCE TASK FORCE REPRESENTED EVERY LEVEL IN THE ORGANIZATION, 15 DIFFERENT MEMBERS THAT WERE THERE, AND WE FLOATED EVERY IDEA WITH THEM, RIGHT? AND GET THAT BUY-IN.
IT'S THE SAME THING WITH YOUR COMMUNITY AND YOUR RESIDENTS.
YOU HAVE TO BRING PEOPLE WITH YOU AS PART OF THAT PROCESS.
AND I THINK THAT'S WHAT'S HAPPENING HERE.
WILL WE EXPERIENCE PUSHBACK? SURE.
BUT WE HAVE TO MAKE SURE THAT OFFICERS UNDERSTAND AND ARE CONTINUALLY GETTING THE MESSAGE THAT WE CARE FOR YOU.
WE WANNA MAKE SURE YOU ARE SAFE AND WELL.
AND THAT'S ONE OF THE REASONS WHY WE'RE MAKING THESE CHANGES, IS TO HELP YOU BE ABLE TO IMPROVE YOUR JOB AND STAY SAFE AND WELL, CHIEF? NO, I THINK, UM, AGAIN, WE, WE OFTEN JOKE THAT POLICE HATE TWO THINGS CHANGE AND NO CHANGE.
UM, BUT, BUT WHAT WE FOUND HERE IS THIS IS GOOD FOR THEM.
THIS IS GOOD FOR THE AGENCY, IT'S GOOD FOR THE CITY.
UM, THE WAY WE'RE VIEWING THIS, AND IT'S ABOUT TELLING THEM THE WHY, IT'S ABOUT EXPLAINING WHAT WE'RE DOING.
AND SO I HAVE A PHENOMENAL EXECUTIVE TEAM HERE, UM, THAT I'VE CHOSEN TO, TO SURROUND MYSELF WITH.
AND TOGETHER PUSHING THAT MESSAGE DOWN, GETTING IT TO THOSE FRONTLINE SUPERVISORS, THAT'S WHAT'S HAPPENING.
AND A, AGAIN, THIS IS GOOD NEWS, UM, FOR THE CITY, IT'S GOOD NEWS FOR THEM.
AND, UM, AGAIN, IT'S JUST ABOUT EXPLAINING THAT WHY, AND, AND TO YOUR POINT, UM, COUNCILWOMAN, UM, IT'S ABOUT GETTING THE MESSAGE OUT TO THE COMMUNITY AS WELL.
AND THIS IS WHY IT'S GOOD NEWS FOR THEM.
THANK YOU PROFESSOR AND CHIEF FOR THAT.
AND I'D ALSO ASK THAT JUST TO THE COMMANDER, YOU KNOW, WE LOOKED AT AND TALKED ABOUT THE RETENTION DATA YESTERDAY AND THE BRIEFINGS, UM, BOTH IN TERMS OF AFTER PEOPLE GRADUATE AND ALSO WHILE THEY'RE GOING THROUGH THE CADET ACADEMY, ANY SENSE OF THAT'S JUST NOT MEETING PEOPLE'S EXPECTATIONS, WHAT THEY EXPECTED FROM POLICING? THAT'S ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE TALKED ABOUT YESTERDAY THAT WE NEEDED TO GO BACK AND LOOK AT.
A LOT OF THE REASONS THEY GIVE US FOR LEASING, THEY JUST SAY IT'S PERSONAL, IT'S A PERSONAL REASON, AND THEY'RE NOT GIVING US A SPECIFIC.
WE'RE TRYING TO PUT THAT TOGETHER FOR YOU.
UM, I'VE, A QUESTION THAT GOES BACK TO SLIDE 12.
UM, AND I'M WONDERING, WHERE WOULD THE DEPLOYMENT OF K NINE UNITS FALL ON THE SCALE? AND IS THE SCALE MEASURED BY DAMAGE TO THE SUBJECT? I AM SORRY, WHICH, UM, PAGE 12.
SOMEONE'S, YEAH, SOMEONE'S FLIPPING FOR ME.
I CAN SAY, I CAN REPEAT IF YOU WOULD LIKE ME TO.
UM, WHERE WOULD THE DEPLOYMENT OF CANINE UNITS FALL ON THE SCALE, AND IS THE SCALE MEASURED BY DAMAGED TO THE SUBJECT? OKAY.
THE ANSWER TO THAT IS IT FALLS BETWEEN TWO OF OUR CATEGORIES.
THERE'S A, A LEVEL TWO AND A LEVEL THREE.
UM, AND SO THE FIRST ONE, IF IT DOES CAUSE PAIN TO THE SUBJECT OR VISIBLE INJURY, IT'S GONNA BE A LEVEL TWO.
NOW, OF COURSE, IF IT CAUSES SOMETHING MORE SEVERE THAN THAT, IT WOULD POP UP INTO OUR LEVEL ONE, OUR, OUR HIGHEST CATEGORY.
TYPICALLY IT'S GONNA BE THAT LEVEL TWO.
BUT IF IT IS A BITE WHERE IT ONLY GRABS CLOTHING, UM, THEN IT WOULD BE A LEVEL THREE.
AND I CAN TELL YOU FROM LOOKING AT OUR CANINE UNIT IN THE PAST WHEN WE PUT TOGETHER THE FORCE REVIEW UNIT, WE HAVE A LOWER BITE RATE THAN PRETTY MUCH ANY OTHER DEPARTMENT IN THE COUNTRY.
AND THIS IS MY FINAL QUESTION.
IT'S RELATED TO SLIDE 11, JUST ONE BEFORE THIS.
UM, I'M WONDERING HOW FAST, UH, CAN SUPERVISOR APPROVAL OF CA CROWD CONTROL WEAPONS BE ACQUIRED? AND IS IT PURELY A JUDGMENT CALL OR ARE THERE WRITTEN GUIDELINES FOR WHEN THE USE OF THESE WEAPONS IS APPROPRIATE? THERE ARE GUIDELINES LISTED OUT IN THE POLICY MM-HMM
AND SO WHEN WE TALK ABOUT THESE LARGE SCALE INCIDENTS, WE'RE LOOKING AT, UH, A RIOT OR SOMEWHERE WHERE IT'S, UH, A SUPERVISOR'S ALREADY ON SCENE.
AND SO IN THOSE SITUATIONS, YOU'RE GONNA HAVE A BRIEFING BEFORE YOU EVER EVEN GO TO THE EVENT.
THIS IS WHAT WE'RE LOOKING AT, THESE ARE ARE, UH, WHAT WE'RE DOING, THIS IS HOW WE'RE RESPONDING, THINGS LIKE THAT.
BUT OF COURSE, ANY USE OF FORCE IS A, IS A JUDGMENT BY THE OFFICER, THE SUPERVISOR THAT'S THERE
[01:50:01]
AT THE TIME OF THE EVENT.BUT IT CAN BE APPROVED VERY QUICKLY.
AND SO THE IN, OR THE EXAMPLE I WOULD GIVE IS YOU'RE WORKING WITH A GROUP THAT'S TAKEN OVER THE STREET, MAYBE IT STARTED AS A CALM PROTEST, NOW IT'S ADVANCING AND THEY START THROWING OBJECTS AT YOU, RIGHT? AND SO THE GROUP IS THROWING OBJECTS AND YOU'RE GOING TO USE OC TO DISPERSE THAT CROWD, UH, FROM THAT AREA.
THAT WOULD BE A SUPERVISOR IS GIVING APPROVAL TO DISPERSE THAT CROWD WITH, UM, A OC SPRAY.
AND JUST TO CLARIFY SLIGHTLY, I DO DEFINITELY SEE SOME EXAMPLES, UM, THAT ARE NOT AS INTENSE AS RIOTS MARCH PROTEST AND OTHER EXAMPLES AS WELL.
AND THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR THIS PRESENTATION AND, AND DISCUSSION.
I JUST WANTED TO SUGGEST THAT NEXT TIME WE HAVE, UH, PRESENTATIONS BY PD WHERE THEY HAVE TO COME IN AND DEMONSTRATE USES OF FORCE AND TASERS, THAT THEY GET TO PICK SOMEBODY FROM THE DIOCESE TO COME AND VOLUNTEER
I, I, I WAS, WHEN HE STOOD UP WITH THE TASER, ALL I COULD THINK OF WAS THAT SCENE SINCE COUNCIL MEMBER UCHIN HAS INTRODUCED MOVIES TO ALL OF US, UH, THE MAYOR STANDING UP THERE LIKE IN THE HANGOVER.
COUNCIL MEMBER, UH, THANK Y'ALL VERY, VERY MUCH.
THIS WAS A VERY, UM, GOOD CONVERSATION AND WE REALLY APPRECIATE THE TIME AND WE APPRECIATE YOUR EXPERTISE AND WORK THAT YOU'RE PUTTING INTO IT.
THERE BEING NO FURTHER BUSINESS TO COME BEFORE THE COUNCIL AT THIS WORK SESSION.
WE WILL ADJOURN THE WORK SESSION.
THE, THE WITHOUT OBJECTION, THE WORK SESSION IS ADJOURNED AT 10:50 AM THANKS EVERYBODY.